11,896 research outputs found
Collaboration, Coordination and Computer Support: An Activity Theoretical Approach to the Design of Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Ph.D. Thesis
This thesis is written in partial satisfaction of the requirements for a Ph.D. in Computer Science performed within the Industrial Research Education Programme established between the University of Aarhus, Kommunedata and Aarhus University Hospital. The initial focus of the project was to investigate ways of supporting the extensive cooperation taking place within a hospital. The theoretical objective of this work is to apply activity theory as a theoretical foundation for CSCW research and to focus on the issue of design within CSCW
The organizational implications of medical imaging in the context of Malaysian hospitals
This research investigated the implementation and use of medical imaging in the
context of Malaysian hospitals. In this report medical imaging refers to PACS,
RIS/HIS and imaging modalities which are linked through a computer network. The
study examined how the internal context of a hospital and its external context
together influenced the implementation of medical imaging, and how this in turn
shaped organizational roles and relationships within the hospital itself. It further
investigated how the implementation of the technology in one hospital affected its
implementation in another hospital. The research used systems theory as the
theoretical framework for the study. Methodologically, the study used a case-based
approach and multiple methods to obtain data. The case studies included two
hospital-based radiology departments in Malaysia.
The outcomes of the research suggest that the implementation of medical imaging in
community hospitals is shaped by the external context particularly the role played by
the Ministry of Health. Furthermore, influences from both the internal and external
contexts have a substantial impact on the process of implementing medical imaging
and the extent of the benefits that the organization can gain. In the context of roles
and social relationships, the findings revealed that the routine use of medical
imaging has substantially affected radiographers’ roles, and the social relationships
between non clinical personnel and clinicians. This study found no change in the
relationship between radiographers and radiologists. Finally, the approaches to
implementation taken in the hospitals studied were found to influence those taken by
other hospitals.
Overall, this study makes three important contributions. Firstly, it extends Barley’s
(1986, 1990) research by explicitly demonstrating that the organization’s internal and
external contexts together shape the implementation and use of technology, that the
processes of implementing and using technology impact upon roles, relationships
and networks and that a role-based approach alone is inadequate to examine the
outcomes of deploying an advanced technology. Secondly, this study contends that
scalability of technology in the context of developing countries is not necessarily
linear. Finally, this study offers practical contributions that can benefit healthcare
organizations in Malaysia
Focal Spot, Fall 1984
https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/focal_spot_archives/1038/thumbnail.jp
Description and Experience of the Clinical Testbeds
This deliverable describes the up-to-date technical environment at three clinical testbed demonstrator sites of
the 6WINIT Project, including the adapted clinical applications, project components and network transition technologies
in use at these sites after 18 months of the Project. It also provides an interim description of early experiences with
deployment and usage of these applications, components and technologies, and their clinical service impact
Committed to Safety: Ten Case Studies on Reducing Harm to Patients
Presents case studies of healthcare organizations, clinical teams, and learning collaborations to illustrate successful innovations for improving patient safety nationwide. Includes actions taken, results achieved, lessons learned, and recommendations
Development and Integration of DOPS as Formative Tests in Head and Neck Ultrasound Education : Proof of Concept Study for Exploration of Perceptions
In Germany, progress assessments in head and neck ultrasonography training have been
carried out mainly theoretically and lack standardisation. Thus, quality assurance and comparisons
between certified courses from various course providers are difficult. This study aimed to develop
and integrate a direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) in head and neck ultrasound education
and explore the perceptions of both participants and examiners. Five DOPS tests oriented towards
assessing basic skills were developed for certified head and neck ultrasound courses on national
standards. DOPS tests were completed by 76 participants from basic and advanced ultrasound
courses (n = 168 documented DOPS tests) and evaluated using a 7-point Likert scale. Ten examiners
performed and evaluated the DOPS after detailed training. The variables of “general aspects” (6.0
Scale Points (SP) vs. 5.9 SP; p = 0.71), “test atmosphere” (6.3 SP vs. 6.4 SP; p = 0.92), and “test task
setting” (6.2 SP vs. 5.9 SP; p = 0.12) were positively evaluated by all participants and examiners. There
were no significant differences between a basic and advanced course in relation to the overall results
of DOPS tests (p = 0.81). Regardless of the courses, there were significant differences in the total
number of points achieved between individual DOPS tests. DOPS tests are accepted by participants
and examiners as an assessment tool in head and neck ultrasound education. In view of the trend
toward “competence-based” teaching, this type of test format should be applied and validated in
the future
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