557 research outputs found

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

    Get PDF

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

    Get PDF

    The ins and outs of open-angle Glaucoma:drugs, diet, and defecation

    Get PDF
    Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and second leading cause of blindness. The primary aim of this thesis is to provide insight into the role of systemic effectsin the pathophysiology of OAG.<br/

    30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023)

    Get PDF
    This is the abstract book of 30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023

    Paediatric Injury from Powered Off-Road Vehicles

    Full text link
    Background Powered off-road vehicles, such as quad-bikes and two-wheeled motorcycles, are popularly used recreationally by children, and are also used in a variety of farming and agricultural contexts. However, crashes can result in serious injuries and deaths, and as such are an important public health concern for Australian children. Compared to adults, children have different riding patterns, injury causes and risk factors relating to their level of development, as well as different patterns of injury outcomes and severity. Aims This work aims to investigate paediatric quad-bike and motorcycle riding patterns and behaviours, along with risk factors, injury severity, outcomes and potential avenues for injury prevention counter-measures. The work consists of five related studies. Methods and Results The first study was a survey of paediatric off-road vehicle riders, which was undertaken to characterise patterns of use, rider behaviours, experience and attitudes. Recreational motorcycle riding was most common, with children having high rates of previous riding experience and often participating in ‘structured’ riding within organised motorsports competitions and events. There was a small proportion of ‘unstructured’ riding in the context of agriculture or on private properties. Riders generally rode frequently and used helmets and other protective gear. The second study examined a group of children admitted to a paediatric hospital as a result of injury sustained from an off-road vehicle crash. In-depth crash investigation techniques examined injury mechanisms and related them to injury outcomes, along with rider, environmental and vehicular risk factors. A variety of recurring mechanisms emerged, particularly loss-of-control events leading to impacts with the ground or vehicle. A wide range of injuries were also observed, particularly to the extremities. A case-control component of the study identified a lower rider to vehicle weight ratio as a factor associated with higher crash risk. The third and fourth studies used large, linked population-level hospital admission and mortality datasets. The first of these examined injury epidemiology and outcomes for paediatric off-road vehicle crashes across New South Wales over a 17-year time period. The outcomes for different vehicle types were compared. The findings demonstrated the large burden of injury caused by ORV crashes in terms of hospital admissions and operative interventions. Furthermore, although on an individual level, quad-bike injuries were associated with higher injury severity, the far greater number of two-wheeled off-road motorcycle crash admissions suggest that motorcycles should be an injury prevention priority. The second linked data study examined the subset of children who have multiple hospital admissions following off-road vehicle crashes. Children who re-present to hospital repeatedly are a particularly vulnerable group, prone to more serious injury, and higher overall costs to the healthcare system. ‘Recidivist’ riders were compared to non-recidivists across various demographic, vehicle and injury outcome factors, highlighting the areas in which potential recidivists may be identified or targeted for injury prevention interventions. The fifth study was a systematic review of injury prevention countermeasures delivered through clinical environments such as hospitals and Emergency Departments, centred around the concept of the ‘Teachable Moment’: that children may be more receptive or amenable to behaviour change after sustaining an injury. The strengths and weaknesses of interventions that apply this model were identified, which may inform potential interventions pertaining to off-road crashes. The review found that multi-modal approaches combining face-to-face counselling or teaching, supplemented with other forms of written or visual communication, often paired with the provision of safety equipment and accurate monitoring as the most effective means of intervention. However, injury prevention programs are often limited by short-term and largely self-reported outcome measures, so research and programs applying these findings to off-road vehicle riders should be designed with robust design methods and appropriate measures of behaviour change, knowledge gain or injury reduction. Conclusion The results of the project overall demonstrate that off-road vehicle injuries are a large and important cause of injury, disability and death for Australian children. An overarching theme of this project is to demonstrate that children who participate in off-road riding are a unique and vulnerable population. Riding patterns are largely recreational, and the resultant injuries are common, spanning the spectrum of severity. Factors associated with worse injury outcomes and recidivism are explored, which, along with the review of injury prevention countermeasures delivered in clinical settings, may help re-prioritise and target injury prevention resources and research. Ultimately the goal of this project, as with any injury research, is to try to prevent or mitigate the severity off-road crashes. The studies investigate various aspects of paediatric off-road riding and provide important foundational knowledge for researchers and clinicians to work towards real-world applications and interventions

    Revista de Științe ale Sănătății din Moldova = Moldovan Journal of Health Sciences. 2023, Vol. 10(2)

    Get PDF
    Revista de Științe ale Sănătății din Moldova (Moldovan Journal of Health Sciences) a fost lansată în octombrie 2014. Aceasta este editată în limbile română și engleză, conform standardelor și ghidurilor internaționale actuale în domeniul științelor medicale, și are o apariție trimestrială. Revista este înregistrată în Instrumentul Bibliometric Național IBN/IDSI (nr.1 din 16.11.2015), iar din 21 decembrie 2017, prin Hotărârea Consiliului Suprem pentru Știință și Dezvoltare Tehnologică nr. 169, a fost inclusă în lista revistelor științifice de Tip B. Revista este înregistrată în 2 baze de date internaționale

    Insights into the antioxidative potentials of plants and skin

    Get PDF
    This thesis has been started by the characterisation of specific plants formulation ‘’PlantsCrystals’’ regarding the antioxidant capacity and size analysis. After that, and using the same principle along with skin analysing techniques, the research is concluded by presenting a novel ex-vivo model to assess the skin's oxidative state using ORAC assay and tape striping method. The developed model has been validated,standardised and then utilised for multiple applications. The employed methodology included multiple antioxidant estimation assays, such as flavonoid and carotenoid content determination, Folin Ciocalteu, DPPH and ORAC assays. Furthermore, ORAC assay, tape stripping and the multi-probe adapter MPA 10 device were the main protocols that were used to develop and assess the porcine ex-vivo skin model.Validation was done by the employment of the preliminary skin samples, afterwards, it was tested on a larger sample size using fresh porcine skin in a controlled lab climate. The numerical values of the antioxidant skin barrier were determined and expressed as the intrinsic AOC. Later, several treatments were applied and significant findings were obtained, as our model was able to detect the changes accurately in a good agreement with the reported data. The most common antioxidative agentsin the cosmetics market were included as treatment agents: ascorbic acid, vitamin E, CoQ10 and ascorbyl palmitate, and their impact on the skin was investigated. In addition to the studies using the main pro-oxidative agent: UV radiation. Moreover, combined treatments were applied aiming to explore the potentials and the limits of this model, and interestingly, it proved its capability to reflect the net effect of multiple factors on the skin antioxidant barrier. Unlimited practice can be applied using the model suggested in this thesis, in order to predict the impact of any kind of single or combined treatment on the skin, without the need to analyse the individual oxidative markers or the use of sophisticated devices. Other relevant investigations have also been demonstrated in the current work, including the study on the novel PlantCrystals which was acting as the backbone of the later studies, mainly through the optimization and the validation of the AOC assays. In addition to the determination of the biophysical properties of intact and impaired porcine skin which was an important knowledge about the porcine ex-vivo model. Therefore, this thesis is presenting a rapid, sustained, non-invasive, versatile, time- and cost-effective model to investigate the skin’s oxidative state. Furthermore, it is revealing, for the first time, the mean values of the intrinsic AOC and the biophysical properties of the ex-vivoporcine skin. Enormous research ideas can be recommended to be done based on the studies of the current work, initially on the impaired skin, including the utilising of the impaired skin model, the investigation of its iAOC and the treatment impact by applying anti- and pro-oxidative agents. Moreover, the model at this point is ready to be applied to living animals and/or human volunteers, to be part of the safety and efficacy pre-marking studies of the cosmeceutical formulations. This step is highly applicable, as we implied a simple and non-invasive procedure that has been used extensively with good acceptability

    Development of polarization-resolved optical scanning microscopy imaging techniques to study biomolecular organizations

    Get PDF
    Light, as electromagnetic radiation, conveys energy through space and time via fluctuations in electric and magnetic fields. This thesis explores the interaction of light and biological structures through polarization-resolved imaging techniques. Light microscopy, and polarization analysis enable the examination of biological entities. Biological function often centers on chromatin, the genetic material composed of DNA wrapped around histone proteins within cell nuclei. This structure's chiral nature gives rise to interactions with polarized light. This research encompasses three main aspects. Firstly, an existing multimodal Circular Intensity Differential Scattering (CIDS) and fluorescence microscopy are upgraded into an open configuration to be integrated with other modalities. Secondly, a novel cell classification method employing CIDS and a phasor representation is introduced. Thirdly, polarization analysis of fluorescence emission is employed for pathological investigations. Accordingly, the thesis is organized into three chapters. Chapter 1 lays the theoretical foundation for light propagation and polarization, outlining the Jones and Stokes-Mueller formalisms. The interaction between light and optical elements, transmission, and reflection processes are discussed. Polarized light's ability to reveal image contrast in polarizing microscopes, linear and nonlinear polarization-resolved microscopy, and Mueller matrix microscopy as a comprehensive technique for studying biological structures are detailed. Chapter 2 focuses on CIDS, a label-free light scattering method, including a single point angular spectroscopy mode and scanning microscopy imaging. A significant upgrade of the setup is achieved, incorporating automation, calibration, and statistical analysis routines. An intuitive phasor approach is proposed, enabling image segmentation, cell discrimination, and enhanced interpretation of polarimetric contrast. As a result, image processing programs have been developed to provide automated measurements using polarization-resolved laser scanning microscopy imaging integrated with confocal fluorescence microscopy of cells and chromatin inside cell nuclei, including the use of new types of samples such as progeria cells. Chapter 3 applies a polarization-resolved two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) microscopy to study multicellular cancerous cells. A homemade 2PEF microscope is developed for colon cancer cell analysis. The integration of polarization and fluorescence techniques leads to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular orientation within samples, particularly useful for cancer diagnosis. Overall, this thesis presents an exploration of polarization-resolved imaging techniques for studying biological structures, encompassing theory, experimental enhancements, innovative methodologies, and practical applications
    corecore