Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Gram–Positive Spore Formers

The gram positive spore former constitutes a group of widely distributed infectious microorganism which has posed serious threat to public health. This group comprises the Bacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. The authors reviewed the current trends involved in the mode of action in causing disease of man and animals. In this study, key gaps knowledge in identification, diagnosis, pathology, epidemiology, treatment, prevention and control were brought to the fore, with aim of providing knowledge in dealing with quick diagnosis, cure/ prevention of diseases caused by these groups of microorganisms. Some of the medically important diseases discussed include: anthrax, botulism and tetanus. These diseases have caused serious strain on the budgets of most nations in providing prompt diagnosis, treatment and control of such diseases for their citizenry

Use of Hemadsorption in a Case of Pediatric Toxic Shock Syndrome

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Bacterial Foodborne Disease: Medical Costs and Productivity Losses

Microbial pathogens in food cause an estimated 6.5-33 million cases of human illness and up to 9,000 deaths in the United States each year. Over 40 different foodborne microbial pathogens, including fungi, viruses, parasites, and bacteria, are believed to cause human illnesses. For six bacterial pathogens, the costs of human illness are estimated to be $9.3-$12.9 billion annually. Of these costs, $2.9-$6.7 billion are attributed to foodborne bacteria. These estimates were developed to provide analytical support for USDA's Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems rule for meat and poultry. (Note that the parasite Toxoplasma gondii is not included in this report.) To estimate medical costs and productivity losses, ERS uses four severity categories for acute illnesses: those who did not visit a physician, visited a physician, were hospitalized, or died prematurely. The lifetime consequences of chronic disease are included in the cost estimates for E. coli O157:H7 and fetal listeriosis.cost-of-illness, foodborne pathogens, lost productivity, medical costs, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy,

BMQ

BMQ: Boston Medical Quarterly was published from 1950-1966 by the Boston University School of Medicine and the Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals