Ionic compounds derived from crude glycerol: Thermal energy storage capability evaluation

Ionic liquids (diimidazol-1-ium esters) prepared from wastes, crude glycerol and carboxylic acids are investigated as potential phase change materials (PCM). The ionic liquids (IL) with best thermophysical properties were those with also better production yield (higher than 75%). The chemical composition of those IL was with R1 being (CH3)3CCO, CH3(CH2)14CO or C2H3CO; R2 being BIM+; R3 being BIM+; and X- being 2 Cl‾. Phase change of state (solid-liquid) of this IL was 85 ºC, 264 ºC and 128 ºC, which means potential application in different fields such as domestic hot water, solar cooling and industry, respectively. The measured melting enthalpy 328 kJ/kg, 408 kJ/kg, and 660 kJ/kg is much higher in all cases than the usual found in commercial PCM (100 kJ/kg), therefore, these ILs synthetized in this study are proper candidates to be used as PCM because of the huge amounts of energy that they are able to store and their low cost. Moreover, biobPCM are sustainable materials since its obtaining process is based on oil.The work is partially funded by the Spanish government (ENE2015-64117-C5-1-R (MINECO/FEDER) and CTQ2015-70982-C3-1-R (MINECO/FEDER)). The authors would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to the research groups GREA (2014 SGR 123), Agricultural Biotechnology (2014 SGR 1296) and DIOPMA (2014 SGR 1543). Dr. Camila Barreneche would like to thank Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad de España for Grant Juan de la Cierva, FJCI-2014-22886.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n° PIRSES-GA-2013-610692 (INNOSTORAGE) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 657466 (INPATH-TES)

RTLS entry ranging analysis

Definition of the ranging capability of a mission 3A return-to-launch-site entry is reported. The limits on downrange and crossrange are established at the initiation of RTLS entry so that terminal area energy management interface conditions were achieved satisfactorily. The downrange and crossrange limits were defined for both nominal RTLS entry conditions and a composite set of dispersed RTLS entry conditions. The results indicate a wide range of acceptable downrange and crossrange positions are available at RTLS entry initiation for nominal conditions. This is greatly reduced when dispersions are considered. For dispersed RTLS entry conditions, an 18 nautical mile range of acceptable downranges is available at zero crossrange

Chromato-fluorographic drug detector

A drug detecting apparatus which includes a chromatographic system for separating particular substances from a sample solution passed through it is described. A source of radiation causes the substance to emit fluorescent radiation as it moves through the chromatographic system. An optical system spectrally separates the fluorescent radiation according to wavelength and for focusing particular portions of the separated spectrum through an exit aperture. A photodetector which is responsive to the radiation passing through the exit aperture develops an electrical signal commensurate with the intensity of the radiation. The electrical signal is recorded to provide an indication of certain characteristics of the substance

Study on the dimethylglyoxime inner complex salt (The First Report) : On reaction with Potassium cyanide

Nickel-dimethylglyoxime Complex salt is readily soluble in potassium cyanide, but the specific reaction and product in this case are unknown.Nickel-dioxime salt is soluble in KCN Solution, forming Cyano Complex K_2 [Ni(CN)_4] and dimethylglyoxime-potassium salt. As evaporate the solution cyano complex salt is crystallized. By addition of alcohol white dimethylglyoxime-potassium is obtained from this filtrate,Since the specific reaction will be able to see that coordinated groups are substituted by CN\u27 in alkali solution, and dimethylglyoxime free out from the masking action.Similary copper, palladium, and Cobalt salts also dissolve in KCN solution, forming there Cyano complex and potassium dimethylglyoxime.通常の赤色ニッケルヂオキシム錯塩がシアン化カリウム溶液に溶解する事は既に知られていたが，其の反応過程については今日迄明らかでなかった。筆者は此の特殊反応を追求するにあたり更にに銅，パラヂウム，コパルト等のヂオキシム塩についても同様の考察を試みたが，近着の雑誌に依りパラヂウムオキシム塩の此の特殊反応の機構について既に報告された事を知り全く同じ見解であったが敢えて此処に報告する

Connectivity and topology invariance in self-assembled and halogen-bonded anionic (6,3)-networks

open5noWe report here that the halogen bond driven self-assembly of 1,3,5-trifluorotriiodobenzene with tetraethylammonium and -phosphonium bromides affords 1:1 co-crystals, wherein the mutual induced fit of the triiodobenzene derivative and the bromide anions (halogen bond donor and acceptors, respectively) elicits the potential of these two tectons to function as tritopic modules (6,3). Supramolecular anionic networks are present in the two co-crystals wherein the donor and the acceptor alternate at the vertexes of the hexagonal frames and cations are accommodated in the potential empty space encircled by the frames. The change of one component in a self-assembled multi-component co-crystal often results in a change in its supramolecular connectivity and topology. Our systems have the same supramolecular features of corresponding iodide analogues as the metric aspects seem to prevail over other aspects in controlling the self-assembly process.openMeyer, Franck; Pilati, Tullio; Konidaris, Konstantis F; Metrangolo, Pierangelo; Resnati, Giuseppe*Meyer, Franck; Pilati, Tullio; Konidaris, Konstantis F; Metrangolo, Pierangelo; Resnati, Giusepp

Electron spin relaxation by spin-rotation interaction in benzoyl and other acyl type radicals

In various studies of the spin dynamics in radical pairs, benzoyl-type radicals have been one of the two paramagnetic pair species. Their electron spin relaxation has been assumed to be slow enough to be neglected in the data analysis. This assumption is checked by measuring the electron spin relaxation in a sequence of three acyl radicals (benzoyl, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl and hexahydrobenzoyl) by time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. In contrast to the assumed slow relaxation, rather short spin-lattice relaxation times (100-400 ns) are found for benzoyl and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl radicals from the decay of the integral initial electron polarization to thermal equilibrium at different temperatures and viscosities. The relaxation is induced by a spin-rotation coupling arising from two different types of radical movements: overall rotation of the whole radical and hindered internal rotation of the CO group. The predominant second contribution depends on the barrier of the internal rotation. The obtained results are well explained in the frame of Bull's theory when using a modified rotational correlation time τ J . The size of the spin-rotation coupling due to the internal CO group rotation in benzoyl radicals is estimated to be |C α|=1510 MH

Fish processing 2009

Kalanjalostustilastossa esitetään kalanjalosteissa käytetyt kalaraaka-aineen määrät sekä kalaa jalostaneiden yritysten määrät tuotemuodoittain ja raaka-ainemuodoittain sekä kotimaisesta kalasta että tuontikalasta.Suomen virallinen tilasto (SVT