CBSL - A Compressed Binary String Labeling Scheme for Dynamic Update of XML documents

The growing volume of XML documents over the Web has increased the need for an efficient mechanism to facilitate query processing. Many labeling schemes have been introduced to optimize data retrieval and query processing on XML database documents. As it is known, labels hold information about XML tree nodes such as their position, their relationship with other nodes and their order, which helps in query processing. Most of the existing labeling schemes support query processing over static XML documents. However, they need to re-label during dynamic update. In this paper a compressed binary string labeling scheme is proposed which supports dynamic update of XML documents without re-labeling existing nodes. Analytical results show that the proposed labeling scheme takes less label size in comparison with other labeling schemes. Also, an experiment has been conducted to evaluate the label generation time as well as update processing

Safety and Reliability - Safe Societies in a Changing World

The contributions cover a wide range of methodologies and application areas for safety and reliability that contribute to safe societies in a changing world. These methodologies and applications include: - foundations of risk and reliability assessment and management - mathematical methods in reliability and safety - risk assessment - risk management - system reliability - uncertainty analysis - digitalization and big data - prognostics and system health management - occupational safety - accident and incident modeling - maintenance modeling and applications - simulation for safety and reliability analysis - dynamic risk and barrier management - organizational factors and safety culture - human factors and human reliability - resilience engineering - structural reliability - natural hazards - security - economic analysis in risk managemen

The Music Sound

A guide for music: compositions, events, forms, genres, groups, history, industry, instruments, language, live music, musicians, songs, musicology, techniques, terminology , theory, music video. Music is a human activity which involves structured and audible sounds, which is used for artistic or aesthetic, entertainment, or ceremonial purposes. The traditional or classical European aspects of music often listed are those elements given primacy in European-influenced classical music: melody, harmony, rhythm, tone color/timbre, and form. A more comprehensive list is given by stating the aspects of sound: pitch, timbre, loudness, and duration. Common terms used to discuss particular pieces include melody, which is a succession of notes heard as some sort of unit; chord, which is a simultaneity of notes heard as some sort of unit; chord progression, which is a succession of chords (simultaneity succession); harmony, which is the relationship between two or more pitches; counterpoint, which is the simultaneity and organization of different melodies; and rhythm, which is the organization of the durational aspects of music