2,737 research outputs found
Internet Predictions
More than a dozen leading experts give their opinions on where the Internet is headed and where it will be in the next decade in terms of technology, policy, and applications. They cover topics ranging from the Internet of Things to climate change to the digital storage of the future. A summary of the articles is available in the Web extras section
On-Site Information Systems Design for Emergency First Responders
This paper explores the design specification of on-site emergency response information systems. In particular how emerging technologies such as wireless sensor networks, RFID, and wireless communication technologies, might enable on-site dynamic information to be retrieved, shared, and presented to the first responders. The information needed for an emergency response is discussed and end-user requirements are identified through extensive interviews with fire fighters together with observation made of fire emergency response training simulations. These requirements are considered in relation to the identified responsibilities of the core members in the first responder hierarchy. On-site dynamic information collection is discussed in terms of wireless sensor networks and radio frequency identification technologies, and information sharing among the first responders is implemented based on a local wireless communication network. The on-site dynamic information required by emergency personnel is presented at three situation awareness levels in order to meet the various requirements of the first responders. Finally, a prototype information system for fire and rescue services is discussed to illustrate and evaluate the methods proposed in this paper. This work outlines the basic design principles and practice of on-site information systems for emergency first responders and shows that such an information system could greatly improve their performance as well as reducing the risks they face, once the emerging technologies are in place to implement them. Although our focus was on structural fire and fire fighters, the on-site emergency response system proposed here is applicable to other emergency response as well, due to the existence of common training methods and standard operating procedures
Overcoming barriers and increasing independence: service robots for elderly and disabled people
This paper discusses the potential for service robots to overcome barriers and increase independence of
elderly and disabled people. It includes a brief overview of the existing uses of service robots by disabled and elderly
people and advances in technology which will make new uses possible and provides suggestions for some of these new
applications. The paper also considers the design and other conditions to be met for user acceptance. It also discusses
the complementarity of assistive service robots and personal assistance and considers the types of applications and
users for which service robots are and are not suitable
Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns
Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse
Smart Pipe System for a Shipyard 4.0
As a result of the progressive implantation of the Industry 4.0 paradigm,
many industries are experimenting a revolution that shipyards cannot ignore.
Therefore, the application of the principles of Industry 4.0 to shipyards are
leading to the creation of Shipyards 4.0. Due to this, Navantia, one of the 10
largest shipbuilders in the world, is updating its whole inner workings to keep
up with the near-future challenges that a Shipyard 4.0 will have to face. Such
challenges can be divided into three groups: the vertical integration of
production systems, the horizontal integration of a new generation of value
creation networks, and the re-engineering of the entire production chain,
making changes that affect the entire life cycle of each piece of a ship.
Pipes, which exist in a huge number and varied typology on a ship, are one of
the key pieces, and its monitoring constitutes a prospective cyber-physical
system. Their improved identification, traceability, and indoor location, from
production and through their life, can enhance shipyard productivity and
safety. In order to perform such tasks, this article first conducts a thorough
analysis of the shipyard environment. From this analysis, the essential
hardware and software technical requirements are determined. Next, the concept
of smart pipe is presented and defined as an object able to transmit signals
periodically that allows for providing enhanced services in a shipyard. In
order to build a smart pipe system, different technologies are selected and
evaluated, concluding that passive and active RFID are currently the most
appropriate technologies to create it. Furthermore, some promising indoor
positioning results obtained in a pipe workshop are presented, showing that
multi-antenna algorithms and Kalman filtering can help to stabilize Received
Signal Strength (RSS) and improve the overall accuracy of the system.Comment: 43 pages, 25 figures, accepted version of Sensors journal articl
Tap it again, Sam: Harmonizing personal environments towards lifelong learning
The increasing number of mobile vendors releas- ing NFC-enabled devices to the market and their prominent adoption has moved this technology from a niche product to a product with a large market-share. NFC facilitates natural interactions between digital world and physical learning environments. The scaffolding of learning ecologies is a key aspect for lifelong learners in their challenge to integrate learning activities into busy daily life. The contribution of this manuscript is twofold: first, a review of scientific litera- ture in which NFC has been used with a direct or indirect purpose to learn is presented, and potential uses for learners are classified according to their type of interaction; based on these findings the NFC MediaPlayer is presented as an instantiation of an ecology of resources (EoR) in a lifelong learning context. Finally, shortcomings and best practices are highlighted in the conclusions, and future work is discussed
Context Aware Computing for The Internet of Things: A Survey
As we are moving towards the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of sensors
deployed around the world is growing at a rapid pace. Market research has shown
a significant growth of sensor deployments over the past decade and has
predicted a significant increment of the growth rate in the future. These
sensors continuously generate enormous amounts of data. However, in order to
add value to raw sensor data we need to understand it. Collection, modelling,
reasoning, and distribution of context in relation to sensor data plays
critical role in this challenge. Context-aware computing has proven to be
successful in understanding sensor data. In this paper, we survey context
awareness from an IoT perspective. We present the necessary background by
introducing the IoT paradigm and context-aware fundamentals at the beginning.
Then we provide an in-depth analysis of context life cycle. We evaluate a
subset of projects (50) which represent the majority of research and commercial
solutions proposed in the field of context-aware computing conducted over the
last decade (2001-2011) based on our own taxonomy. Finally, based on our
evaluation, we highlight the lessons to be learnt from the past and some
possible directions for future research. The survey addresses a broad range of
techniques, methods, models, functionalities, systems, applications, and
middleware solutions related to context awareness and IoT. Our goal is not only
to analyse, compare and consolidate past research work but also to appreciate
their findings and discuss their applicability towards the IoT.Comment: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials Journal, 201
Introduction to IoT
The Internet of Things has rapidly transformed the 21st century, enhancing
decision-making processes and introducing innovative consumer services such as
pay-as-you-use models. The integration of smart devices and automation
technologies has revolutionized every aspect of our lives, from health services
to the manufacturing industry, and from the agriculture sector to mining.
Alongside the positive aspects, it is also essential to recognize the
significant safety, security, and trust concerns in this technological
landscape. This chapter serves as a comprehensive guide for newcomers
interested in the IoT domain, providing a foundation for making future
contributions. Specifically, it discusses the overview, historical evolution,
key characteristics, advantages, architectures, taxonomy of technologies, and
existing applications in major IoT domains. In addressing prevalent issues and
challenges in designing and deploying IoT applications, the chapter examines
security threats across architectural layers, ethical considerations, user
privacy concerns, and trust-related issues. This discussion equips researchers
with a solid understanding of diverse IoT aspects, providing a comprehensive
understanding of IoT technology along with insights into the extensive
potential and impact of this transformative field.Comment: 48 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables, chapter 1 revised version of "IoT and
ML for Information Management: A Smart Healthcare Perspective" under the
Springer Studies in Computational Intelligence serie
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