The challenges of micro enterprises in Malaysia and the prospect for integrated cash waqf micro enterprise investment (ICWME-I) model

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been the backbone of economic growth of many economies. In Malaysia too, SMEs have played a role in contributing to the economy as Malaysia embarks on the journey towards achieving Vision 2020. However, SMEs contribution to Malaysian GDP is still comparatively low. The Malaysian government launched several programs and schemes to boost SMEs activities and development. Hitherto, however, the impact of these programs and schemes are yet to be felt. One reason is that most of the government funding goes to small and medium enterprises, while the largest contributor to SMEs - the micro enterprises have hardly considerable financing assistance. Micro enterprises are considered risky and strict loan conditions have been imposed on them such as collateral, proper support documents and good business track record. Unfortunately, most of them cannot fulfil these conditions. Furthermore, micro enterprises suffer from human resource deficiency. Most of them have less skilled human capital resources with low level of education. Thus, the present study intends to critically survey the literature on the subject. It uses explanatory analysis. Later, it proposes an Integrated Cash Waqf Micro Enterprise Investment (ICWME-I) model as a solution for microenterprises. This model is expected to effectively address their financial and human resource constraints and enhance their contributions to the national income. The study concludes with some suggestions for policy implication

Система англійсько-іспанського перекладу з використанням машинного навчання

Дипломна робота: 127 c., 18 табл., 58 рис., 3 додатки, 5 джерел. Об’єкт дослідження – моделі нейронного машинного перекладу. Предмет дослідження – модель на основі системи енкодер-декодер та модель-трансформер для нейронного машинного перекладу. Мета роботи – створити систему англійсько-іспанського перекладу на основі штучних нейронних мереж, реалізувати веб-інтерфейс для роботи з системою. Методи дослідження – нейронні мережі, наївний Баєсів класифікатор. Результатом роботи є система для машинного перекладу, а саме система англійсько-іспанського машинного перекладу реалізована методами штучних нейронних мереж, а також веб-інтерфейс для роботи з системою. Новизною роботи є алгоритм для машинного перекладу, що використовує механізм уваги, та різні види нейронних мереж. Практичною цінністю роботи є створена система англійсько-іспанського перекладу, що працює з точністю 73% та може бути застосована як самостійний продукт у процесі вивчення іноземних мов чи перекладанні текстів, або у інших системах, що використовують машинний переклад.Thesis: 127 pages, 18 tables, 58 figures, 3 appendices, 5 sources. This study covers models of neural machine translation. The subject of research is a model based on the encoder-decoder system and a model-transformer of neural machine translation The main aim of this paper is to create an English-Spanish translation system based on artificial neural networks, to implement a web interface for working with the system. Research methods - neural networks, naive Bayesian classifier. The result is a system for machine translation, namely the system of English- Spanish machine translation by artificial neural networks, as well as a web interface for working with the system. The novelty of the work is the algorithm for obtaining machine translation, which includes the mechanism of attention, and various types of neural networks. The practical value of the work is the created English-Spanish translation system, which works with an accuracy of 73% and can be used as a standalone product in the process of learning foreign languages or translating texts, or in other systems that use machine translation

Identification and Characterization of Potential Discharge Areas for Radionuclide Transport by Groundwater from a Nuclear Waste Repository in Sweden

This paper describes solute transport modeling carried out as a part of an assessment of the long-term radiological safety of a planned deep rock repository for spent nuclear fuel in Forsmark, Sweden. Specifically, it presents transport modeling performed to locate and describe discharge areas for groundwater potentially carrying radionuclides from the repository to the surface where man and the environment could be affected by the contamination. The modeling results show that topography to large extent determines the discharge locations. Present and future lake and wetland objects are central for the radionuclide transport and dose calculations in the safety assessment. Results of detailed transport modeling focusing on the regolith and the upper part of the rock indicate that the identification of discharge areas and objects considered in the safety assessment is robust in the sense that it does not change when a more detailed model representation is used. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-013-0395-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Tratamentos na epicondilite lateral: revisão literária

The lateral epicondylitis (ALS) is characterized by a tendinosis and not as an inflammatory condition with fibroblastic response. The main clinical presentation are reduced grip strength, functional activities and increased pain. All these symptoms cause great impact on daily living activities. There are a wide range of treatments that can be performed: from manual therapy until surgeries. Evenly with a positive response to physical therapy treatments, not all patients respond well with EL interventions. Our question is: there is any reasonable tool that can help clinicians to identify the adequate treatment for the best prognostic for the patient? Clinical prediction rules (RPC) seem to be a possible answer but more studies are needed to validate this methodology. Objective: This study aims to determine if the literature give some directions of how to choose the adequate physical therapy treatment of lateral epicondylitis.A Epicondilite lateral (EL) é caracterizada por uma tendinose e não como uma condição inflamatória com resposta fibroblástica. A principal apresentação clínica são diminuição da força de preensão, das atividades funcionais e aumento da dor, sendo de grande impacto nas atividades de vida diária. Há uma grande gama de tratamentos que podem ser realizados, desde terapia manual à cirurgias e seus resultados são bem diversos. Mesmo com uma resposta positiva aos tratamentos fisioterapêutico, nem todos os pacientes com EL respondem positivamente as intervenções. Existe alguma ferramenta que possam auxiliar os clínicos nesse dilema de identificar os pacientes que terão melhores resultados com determinado tratamento? A regra de predição clinica (RPC) parece ser uma possível resposta, mas, maiores estudos devem ser realizados para validar essa metodologia. Objetivo: a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar na literatura indícios de direcionamento para o tratamento fisioterapêutico, mais adequado ao paciente, da epicondilite lateral

An Agent-Based Knowledge Management System for University Research Activity Monitoring

Academic research activity monitoring and evaluation are major tasks of a university knowledge management system in the context of the university activity assessments for various national and international classifications. The paper proposes the architecture of a multi-agent system developed for university research activity monitoring as a knowledge management tool. Preliminary results of a prototype system run are briefly discussed