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T3AB: Transparent and Trustworthy Third-party Authority using Blockchain
Increasingly, information systems rely on computational, storage, and network
resources deployed in third-party facilities or are supported by service
providers. Such an approach further exacerbates cybersecurity concerns
constantly raised by numerous incidents of security and privacy attacks
resulting in data leakage and identity theft, among others. These have in turn
forced the creation of stricter security and privacy related regulations and
have eroded the trust in cyberspace. In particular, security related services
and infrastructures such as Certificate Authorities (CAs) that provide digital
certificate service and Third-Party Authorities (TPAs) that provide
cryptographic key services, are critical components for establishing trust in
Internet enabled applications and services. To address such trust issues,
various transparency frameworks and approaches have been recently proposed in
the literature. In this paper, we propose a Transparent and Trustworthy TPA
using Blockchain (T3AB) to provide transparency and accountability to the
trusted third-party entities, such as honest-but-curious third-party IaaS
servers, and coordinators in various privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML)
approaches. T3AB employs the Ethereum blockchain as the underlying public
ledger and also includes a novel smart contract to automate accountability with
an incentive mechanism that motivates participants' to participate in auditing,
and punishes unintentional or malicious behaviors. We implement T3AB, and show
through experimental evaluation in the Ethereum official test network, Rinkeby,
that the framework is efficient. We also formally show the security guarantee
provided by T3AB, and analyze the privacy guarantee and trustworthiness it
provides
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