Biometry Protocol

The purpose of this resource is to measure and classify the plant life at a Land Cover Site to help determine the MUC classification. Educational levels: Primary elementary, Middle school, High school, Intermediate elementary

Outcome of cataract surgery in Nigeria: visual acuity, autorefraction, and optimal intraocular lens powers--results from the Nigeria national survey.

OBJECTIVE: To describe presenting and corrected visual acuities after cataract surgery in a nationally representative sample of adults. Another objective was to describe refractive errors in operated eyes and to determine the optimal range of intraocular lens (IOL) powers for this population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based survey. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 40 years and more were selected using multistage stratified sampling and proportional to size procedures. A sample size of 15027 was calculated, and clusters were selected from all states. METHODS: Individuals who had undergone cataract surgery were identified from interview and examination. All had their presenting visual acuity (VA) measured using a reduced logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution chart and underwent autorefraction. Corrected VAs were assessed using the autorefraction results in a trial set. An ophthalmologist conducted all examinations, including slit-lamp and dilated fundus examination. Causes of visual loss were determined for all eyes with a presenting VA <6/12 using the World Health Organization recommendations. Biometry data were derived from 20449 phakic eyes using the SRK-T formula after excluding those with poor VA or corneal opacities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presenting and corrected visual acuities in pseudo/aphakic individuals and autorefraction findings; biometry profile of Nigerian adults. RESULTS: Data from 288 eyes of 217 participants were analyzed. Only 39.5% of eyes had undergone IOL implantation at surgery. Only 29.9% of eyes had a good outcome (i.e., ≥6/18) at presentation, increasing to 55.9% with correction. Use of an IOL was the only factor associated with a good outcome at presentation (odds ratio 9.0; 95% confidence interval, 4.3-18.9; P=0.001). Eyes undergoing cataract surgery had a higher prevalence and degree of astigmatism than phakic eyes. Biometry data reveal that posterior chamber IOL powers of 20, 21, and 22 diopters (D) (A constant 118.0) will give a postoperative refraction range of -2.0 D to emmetropia in 71.4% of eyes, which increases to 82.6% if 19 D is also included. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative astigmatism needs to be reduced through better surgical techniques and training, and use of biometry should be standard of care

Quality of ultrasound biometry obtained by local health workers in a refugee camp on the Thai-Burmese border.

Objective: In a refugee camp on the Thai–Burmese border, accurate dating of pregnancy relies on ultrasound measurements obtained by locally trained health workers. The aim of this study was to substantiate the accuracy of fetal biometry measurements performed by locally trained health workers by comparing derived reference equations with those published for Asian and European hospitals. Methods: This prospective observational study included 1090 women who had a dating crown–rump length (CRL) scan and one study-appointed ultrasound biometry scan between 16 and 40 weeks of gestation. The average of two measurements of each of biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length was used in a polynomial regression model for the mean and SD against gestational age (GA). The biometry equations obtained were compared with published equations of professional sonographers from Asian and European hospitals by evaluation of the SD and Z-scores of differences between models. Results: Reference equations of biometric parameters were found to fit cubic polynomial models. The observed SD values, for any given GA, of fetal biometric measurements obtained by locally trained health workers were lower than those previously reported by centers with professional sonographers. For nearly the entire GA range considered, the mean values of the Asian and European equations for all four biometric measurements were within the 90% expected range (mean ± 1.645 SD) of our equations. Conclusion: Locally trained health workers in a refugee camp on the Thai–Burmese border can obtain measurements that are associated with low SD values and within the normal limits of published Asian and European equations. The fact that the SD values were lower than in other studies may be explained by the use of the average of two measurements, CRL dating or motivation of the locally trained sonographer

Land Cover Site Selection

The purpose of the resource is to determine the major land cover type at a Land Cover Sample Site. Educational levels: Middle school, High school

Morfologi Dan Biometri Spermatozoa Anoa (Bubalus SP.) Yang Diwarnai Dengan Pewarna William's Dan Eosin-Nigrosin

Anoa is Indonesia endemic fauna that included into Appendix I by CITES. Anoa breeding efforts have not succeed, due to their agressivity, soliter, wildness and monogamous. The aim of this experiment was to observe morphology and biometry of anoa's sperm stained using William's (W) and eosin-nigrosin (EN). Semen was collected from two male anoas by electroejaculator. Slides was made for morphology and biometry observation of ejaculate. The results showed that abnormal sperm morphology of the mature anoa (10 years) was 32.27%-35.00%, meanwhile the young one (3 years) was 24.03%-31.89%. In mature anoa, measurement for head width, and midpiece and tail length of sperm were not signficantly different between W and EN staining, but significantly different (P &lt; 0.05) for head and total length. In the young anoa, sperm biometry for head width was not significanly different between W and EN staining. In both W and EN staining, biometry for head width and total length were not significantly different between mature and young anoas, but significantly different for head, midpiece and tail length. According to sperm morphology, semen from the young anoa was slightly better than those of the mature anoa. Staining method and age could affect to biometry of the anoa's sperm

Using microelectrode models for real time cell-culture monitoring

This paper proposes a cell-microelectrode model for cell biometry applications, based on the area overlap as main parameter. The model can be applied to cell size identification, cell count, and their extension to cell growth and dosimetry protocols. Experiments performed with comercial electrodes are presented, illustrating a procedure to obtain cell number in both growth and dosimetry processes. Results obtained for the AA8 cell line are promising.Junta de Andalucía P0-TIC-538

Role of fetal MRI in the evaluation of isolated and non-isolated corpus callosum dysgenesis: results of a cross-sectional study

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to characterize isolated and non-isolated forms of corpus callosum dysgenesis (CCD) at fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to identify early predictors of associated anomalies. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 104 fetuses with CCD undergoing MRI between 2006 and 2016. Corpus callosum, cavum septi pellucidi, biometry, presence of ventriculomegaly, gyration anomalies, cranio-encephalic abnormalities and body malformations were evaluated. Results of genetic tests were also recorded. RESULTS: At MRI, isolated CCD was 26.9%, the rest being associated to other abnormalities. In the isolated group, median gestational age at MRI was lower in complete agenesis than in hypoplasia (22 vs 28 weeks). In the group with additional findings, cortical dysplasia was the most frequently associated feature (P = 0.008), with a more frequent occurrence in complete agenesis (70%) versus other forms; mesial frontal lobes were more often involved than other cortical regions (P = 0.006), with polymicrogyria as the most frequent cortical malformation (40%). Multivariate analysis confirmed the association between complete agenesis and cortical dysplasia (odds ratio = 7.29, 95% confidence interval 1.51-35.21). CONCLUSIONS: CCD is often complicated by other intra-cranial and extra-cranial findings (cortical dysplasias as the most prevalent) that significantly affect the postnatal prognosis. The present study showed CCD with associated anomalies as more frequent than isolated (73.1%). In isolated forms, severe ventriculomegaly was a reliable herald of future appearance of associated features

Fire Fuel Protocol

The purpose of the resource is to measure the different types of fuels for fires. Educational levels: Middle school, High school