561,029 research outputs found
Hard competition: stabilizing the elusive biaxial nematic phase in suspensions of colloidal particles with extreme lengths
We use computer simulations to study the existence and stability of a biaxial
nematic phase in systems of hard polyhedral cuboids, triangular prisms,
and rhombic platelets, characterized by a long (), medium (), and short
() particle axis. For all three shape families, we find stable states
provided the shape is not only close to the so-called dual shape with but also sufficiently anisotropic with for rhombi,
prisms, and cuboids, respectively, corresponding to anisotropies not considered
before. Surprisingly, a direct isotropic- transition does not occur in
these systems due to a destabilization of by a smectic (for cuboids and
prisms) or a columnar (for platelets) phase at small , or by an
intervening uniaxial nematic phase at large . Our results are confirmed by
a density functional theory provided the third virial coefficient is included
and a continuous rather than a discrete (Zwanzig) set of particle orientations
is taken into account.Comment: minor changes to the introduction, numbering of bibliography
correcte
Martingales, endomorphisms, and covariant systems of operators in Hilbert space
We show that a class of dynamical systems induces an associated operator
system in Hilbert space. The dynamical systems are defined from a fixed
finite-to-one mapping in a compact metric space, and the induced operators form
a covariant system in a Hilbert space of L^2-martingales. Our martingale
construction depends on a prescribed set of transition probabilities, given by
a non-negative function. Our main theorem describes the induced martingale
systems completely. The applications of our theorem include wavelets, the
dynamics defined by iterations of rational functions, and sub-shifts in
symbolic dynamics.
In the theory of wavelets, in the study of subshifts, in the analysis of
Julia sets of rational maps of a complex variable, and, more generally, in the
study of dynamical systems, we are faced with the problem of building a unitary
operator from a mapping r in a compact metric space X. The space X may be a
torus, or the state space of subshift dynamical systems, or a Julia set. While
our motivation derives from some wavelet problems, we have in mind other
applications as well; and the issues involving covariant operator systems may
be of independent interest.Comment: 44 pages, LaTeX2e ("jotart" document class); v2: A few opening
paragraphs were added to the paper; an addition where a bit of the history is
explained, and where some more relevant papers are cited. Corrected a
typographical error in Proposition 8.1. v3: A few minor additions: More
motivation and explanations in the Intro; Remark 3.3 is new; and eleven
relevant references/citations are added; v4: corrected and updated
bibliography; v5: more bibliography updates and change of LaTeX document
clas
Compatible systems of Galois representations associated to the exceptional group E6
We construct, over any CM field, compatible systems of l-adic Galois
representations that appear in the cohomology of algebraic varieties and have
(for all l) algebraic monodromy groups equal to the exceptional group of type
E6.Comment: bibliography fixed in new version. comments welcom
Problems of organizational structure in C3 systems
"March, 1982."Bibliography: p. 54.With: On modeling teams of interacting decisionmakers with bounded rationality / Alexander H. Levis, Kevin L. Boettcher. Cambridge, Mass. : Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, [1982]NASA Grant No. NAG1-2by Alexander H. Levis
Intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of conformationally restricted systems
Bibliography: leaves 184-191.In the first phase of this investigation, the synthesis of triene systems, linked via a diester tether was investigated with the aim of studying the respective thermal Intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) properties. It was envisaged that the diene and dienophile would be linked via a conformationally restricted spacer, trans-cyc1ohexane-l,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride
Aspects of phosphorus nutrition in endomycorrhizal fungi of the Ericaceae
Bibliography: pages 133-144.An investigation was undertaken on the phosphorus nutrition of the ericoid endophytes isolated from the root systems of Vaccinium macrocarpon, Aiton, Rhododendron ponticum L., Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull, Erica hispidula L., and E. mauritanica L
Applications Of The Rational Canonical Form Of Matrices To Systems Of First Order Linear Differential Equations With Constant Coefficients
The theory of matrices plays an integral role in applied and pur® mathematics. In recent years, matrices have become very essential in many different fields of study. They are used in applications in engineering, physics, economics, and many other fields. It is the purpose of this paper to use matrix theory to study systems of first-order linear differential equations with constant coefficients with respect to (l) existence of solution; (2) uniqueness of solution; and. (3) form of solutions.
This study will have the following form: Chapter I will include some basic definitions and notations used in differential equations and matrix theory. Chapter II contains the basic theorems used. Chapter III will show the existence, uniqueness, and form of solutions. Chapter IV Includes applications of systems of first-order linear differential equations with constant coefficients and Chapter V gives the aumbry. The bibliography follows Chapter V
On the origin of the galaxy luminosity function
Evidence is summarized that suggests that when a protogalaxy collapses, a
fraction of its gas fails to heat to the virial temperature, where is
large for haloes less massive than the value associated with
galaxies. Stars and galaxies form only from the cool gas fraction. Hot gas is
ejected from low-mass systems as in conventional semi-analytic models of galaxy
formation. In high-mass systems it is retained but does not cool and form
stars. Instead it builds up as a largely inert atmosphere, in which cooling is
inhibited by an episodically active galactic nucleus. Cold gas frequently falls
into galactic haloes. In the absence of a dense atmosphere of
virial-temperature gas it builds up on nearly circular orbits and forms stars.
When there is a sufficiently dense hot atmosphere, cold infalling gas tends to
be ablated and absorbed by the hot atmosphere before it can form stars. The
picture nicely explains away the surfeit of high-luminosity galaxies that has
recently plagued semi-analytic models of galaxy formation, replacing them by
systems of moderate luminosity from old stars and large X-ray luminosities from
hot gas.Comment: 5 pages. Version to appear in MNRAS Minor changes & corrected
bibliography since first versio
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