Collective action and individual choice: rethinking how we regulate narcotics and antibiotics.

Governments across the globe have squandered treasure and imprisoned millions of their own citizens by criminalising the use and sale of recreational drugs. But use of these drugs has remained relatively constant, and the primary victims are the users themselves. Meanwhile, antimicrobial drugs that once had the power to cure infections are losing their ability to do so, compromising the health of people around the world. The thesis of this essay is that policymakers should stop wasting resources trying to fight an unwinnable and morally dubious war against recreational drug users, and start shifting their attention to the serious threat posed by our collective misuse of antibiotics

Ethics, Antibiotics, and Public Policy

The widespread use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture is encouraging the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant infections around the world. Our use of antibiotics is a global, inter-generational collective action problem. Public policies intended to solve the problem involve difficult moral tradeoffs

A Multi-Dimensional approach towards Intrusion Detection System

In this paper, we suggest a multi-dimensional approach towards intrusion detection. Network and system usage parameters like source and destination IP addresses; source and destination ports; incoming and outgoing network traffic data rate and number of CPU cycles per request are divided into multiple dimensions. Rather than analyzing raw bytes of data corresponding to the values of the network parameters, a mature function is inferred during the training phase for each dimension. This mature function takes a dimension value as an input and returns a value that represents the level of abnormality in the system usage with respect to that dimension. This mature function is referred to as Individual Anomaly Indicator. Individual Anomaly Indicators recorded for each of the dimensions are then used to generate a Global Anomaly Indicator, a function with n variables (n is the number of dimensions) that provides the Global Anomaly Factor, an indicator of anomaly in the system usage based on all the dimensions considered together. The Global Anomaly Indicator inferred during the training phase is then used to detect anomaly in the network traffic during the detection phase. Network traffic data encountered during the detection phase is fed back to the system to improve the maturity of the Individual Anomaly Indicators and hence the Global Anomaly Indicator.Comment: 8 pages, 3 Figures, 4 Table

Axial anomaly: the modern status

The modern status of the problem of axial anomaly in QED and QCD is reviewed. Two methods of the derivation of the axial anomaly are presented: 1) by splitting of coordinates in the expression for the axial current and 2) by calculation of triangle diagrams, where the anomaly arises from the surface terms in momentum space. It is demonstrated, that the equivalent formulation of the anomaly can be given, as a sum rule for the structure function in dispersion representation of three point function of AVV interaction. It is argued, that such integral representation of the anomaly has some advantages in the case of description of the anomaly by contribution of hadronic states in QCD. The validity of the t'Hooft consistency condition is discussed. Few examples of the physical application of the axial anomaly are given.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, to be published in International Journal of Modern Physics A, few minor correction were done, two references were adde