Se Doefel Daner

When the Angles, Saxons and Jutes invaded England during the fifth century, they wiped out the native Celts both physically and linguistically. Except for place-names, only a half-dozen or so Celtic words entered Old English. By the ninth century, with the Celts all but exterminated, the Anglo-Saxons settled down to enjoy the good English life

“Of the Ruin and Conquest of Britain”: The Anglo-Saxon Transformation of the British Isles

The history of Britain after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire has traditionally been perceived as one of invasion and domination at the hands of Germanic peoples most commonly known as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. Though this is the narrative presented by medieval authors, current archaeology suggests that the settlement of Germanic peoples in Britain was peaceful and characterized by cohabitation and acculturation. Further examination and contextualization of the most nearly-contemporary sources reveal discrepancies of chronology and causation which indicate that medieval authors constructed their accounts based not upon an understanding of any Anglo-Saxon invasion but rather upon a narrative constructed from their contemporary cultural landscape

Modern formation, ethnic reformation: the social sources of the American nation

The question, 'When is the nation?', ranks second in importance only to the related query, 'Why is the nation?' in the contemporary social science and humanities literature on nationalism. This issue is confronted by this essay, which considers Anthony Smith's important perennialist-modernist dichotomy through the lens of the American experience. Along the way, it will address the related but independent question of whether nations are 'top-down' artefacts constructed by the modern state, or 'bottom-up' social formations generated by ethnic groups within civil society. The importance of this theoretical question lies not merely with the antiquarian interest in how our world system of nations emerged, but with the more pressing question of why it is persistently re-created, and, for idealists, how it may be superseded

Taste-based Discrimination: Empirical Evidence from a Shock to Preferences during WWI

A significant challenge to empirically testing theories of discrimination has been the difficulty of identifying taste-based discrimination and of distinguishing it clearly from statistical discrimination. This paper identifies taste-based discrimination through a two-part empirical test. First, it constructs quantitative measures of revealed preferences, which establish that World War I created a persistent change in ethnic preferences that switched the status of German Americans from a mainstream ethnicity to an ethnic minority until the late 1920s. Second, the paper uses this shock to preferences to identify the effects of taste-based discrimination on traders at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). A new data set of more than 5,000 applications for membership in the NYSE reveals that the War more than doubled the probability that applicants with German-sounding names would be rejected (relative to Anglo-Saxons).Taste-Based Discrimination, World War I, Shock to Preferences

Comment interpréter la diffusion des standards anglo-saxons de gouvernance au sein des entreprises françaises cotées? L'exemple des comités de surveillance

La création de comités de surveillance (i.e. d'audit, de rémunération et de nomination) au sein des conseils d'administration est une des préconisations diffusées en France par les investisseurs institutionnels anglo-saxons. Pour autant, la présence d'un tel comité est-elle de nature a répondre aux attentes de ces investisseurs ? L'étude empirique conduite sur un échantillon de 120 entreprises cotées montre que dans le contexte français, l'existence de comités de surveillance ne s'interprète que partiellement comme visant a réduire les couts d'agence.Gouvernance d'entreprise; conseil d'administration; comités; investisseurs institutionnels anglo-saxons

The British Church and the Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms to c.620 (Chapter Four of The Celtic and Roman Traditions: Conflict and Consensus in the Early Medieval Church)

Excerpt: At the same time that Columbanus was establishing his monasteries in Merovingian Gaul, Pope Gregory the Great began planning a mission to convert the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms located in present-day England. The pope wrote to leading Merovingians such as Brunhild asking for their support in this endeavor and to provide whatever aid was necessary for the missionaries. In 596, Augustine (597–604/10), future bishop of Canterbury, and his party departed Italy for the north, traveling through the Merovingian kingdoms to Kent where the papal mission established their headquarters at the old Roman town of Canterbury (map 4.1). In the first years of the seventh century, Augustine came into conflict with the British Church over their alternative practices, specifically baptism and the Celtic-84. Augustine also wanted the British bishops to submit to his authority and to assist in converting the Anglo-Saxons. However, the British churchmen refused to acknowledge Augustine’s jurisdiction or change their practices

Glosses, Gaps and Gender: The Rise of Female Elves in Anglo-Saxon Culture

It is difficult to detect lexical change within Old English, since most of our texts derive from a relatively short period, but lexical change can afford valuable insights into cultural change. The paper identifies changes in the semantics of the Old English word ælf (‘elf’) through a rigorous analysis of two textual traditions in which Old English words based on ælf are used to gloss Latin words for nymphs. Around the eighth century, it appears that Old English had no close equivalent to words for the supernatural, feminine and generally unthreatening nymphs: words for supernatural females denoted martial, monstrous or otherwise dangerous beings, while ælf seems not to have denoted females—at least not with sufficient salience to be used as a gloss for words for nymphs. Glossators instead found ways of altering ælf’s gender in order to create a vernacular word for nymphs. By the eleventh century, however, things had changed, and ælf had come to have the female denotation which was to prove prominent in Middle English. Tracing these lexical changes allows us to trace changes in Anglo-Saxon non- Christian belief-systems, and implicitly in Anglo-Saxon gendering more generally. overplayed, and the more general meaning of ‘otherworldly’ is to be preferred

'Representing Rome. The influence of Rome on aspects of the public arts of early Anglo-Saxon England (c. 600-800)'

This thesis focuses on the influence of Rome – both as a place and as a concept – on the public arts of early Anglo-Saxon England. It considers the visual culture of Late Antique and Early Christian Rome (and the Classical world from which these emerged) alongside Anglo-Saxon architecture and sculpture, to draw out the connections between them, the nature of the contacts that shaped the arts, and the social, political and religious ideas underlying such inspiration and changes. It thus adopts a fresh perspective from which to view Anglo-Saxon art and architecture, moving away from the earlier focus on classification and style, and setting this against the backdrop of medieval England’s connection with Rome at all levels of society. Issues of patronage are placed at the forefront of this research, and particular attention is paid to the multiplicity of possible and intentional interpretations for individual monuments, their location, and effect on patrons, artists and audiences. Evidence from the catacomb art in Rome, and the graffiti found therein, is used in relation to Anglo-Saxon England, thus providing a different approach to the transmission of influences

Main characteristics of non-residents’ trading on the foreign exchange and government bond markets

Our article analyses the behaviour of non-resident participants on domestic financial markets, which are important from the point of view of monetary policy. Due to the determining role played by foreign investors, understanding their behaviour is essential for understanding the main functioning mechanism of the markets. Among domestic markets, we will examine the foreign exchange market, which has particular relevance to monetary policy, owing to the role played by the exchange rate in the economy. We will also review the domestic government bond market, which is important for the central bank in relation to its role played in the transmission of interest rate policy and with regard to the assessment of the credibility of economic policy.foreign exchange market, government bond market, market turnover, feedback trading.

The Anglo Saxons and their gods (still) among us

When Christian missionaries arrived in Canterbury in 597AD, they brought with them a new religion that sought to appropriate certain Saxon traditions before eradicating them completely: some of these traditions were discussed by the Venerable Bede. Saxon traditions could not completely be wiped out, however, and this paper considers some of the surviving Saxon celebrations and the gods who are evoked on a daily basi