Um Sistema para Inspeções de Garantia da Qualidade Baseado em Ontologias e Agentes

A implementação de práticas de garantia da qualidade possui uma relação custo/benefício difícil de balancear. Isso ocorre  porque o custo de execução das práticas é direto, enquanto que, o benefício obtido com estas é indireto. No intuito demelhorar essa relação, este trabalho apresenta um sistema de suporte para as inspeções de garantia da qualidade capaz de automatizar a definição de escopo e o endereçamento de não conformidades, além de gerenciar cadastros e calcular indicadores. O sistema é formado por uma ontologia, a qual mapeia a semântica envolvida nas inspeções de garantia da qualidade; e por agentes de software, os quais implementamas regras necessárias para automação das atividades mencionadas. Os experimentos realizados em uma Fábrica de Software mostraram melhora na produtividade nas inspeções, maximizando a cobertura, sem impactar no esforço demandado

Towards developing an intergrated maturity model framework for managing an enterprise business intelligence

There has been a great deal of recent interest that is driving research and development in the area of Business Intelligence (BI),but the issues regarding the implementation of enterprise scale of BI is still concern among BI academics and practitioners.Therefore, an Enterprise Business Intelligence Maturity Model(EBI2M) is proposed to serve as useful guideline for enterprises which are planning or undertaking large scale BI initiatives.In this paper, the author utilizes a Delphi study to conduct two stages of enquiries with a panel of BI experts, and then refines the research into a preliminary EBI2M model

A Structured Systemic Framework for Software Development

The purpose of this research was to develop and apply a systems-based framework for the analysis of software development project performance. Software development project performance is measured at the project level; that is, cost, schedule, and product quality that affect the overall project. To date, most performance improvement efforts have been focused on individual processes within the overall software development system. Making improvements to sub-elements, processes, or sub-systems without regard for the overall project is a classic misbehavior entered into by practitioners who fail to use a holistic, systemic approach. Attempts to improve sub-system behavior are at odds with The Principle of Sub-optimization. (van Gigch, 1974) The traditional method of predicting software development project performance, in terms of sub-system performance is too restrictive. A new holistic, systemic view based on systems principles offers a more robust way to look at performance. This research addressed this gap in the systems and software body of knowledge by developing a generalizable and transportable framework for software project performance that is based on systems principles. A rigorous mixed-method research methodology, employing both inductive and case study methods, was used to develop and validate the framework. Two research questions were identified as integral to increasing the understanding of a systems-based framework. (1) How does systems theory apply to the analysis of software development project performance? (2) What results from the application of a systems-based analysis framework for analyzing performance on a software development project? Using Discoverers\u27 Induction (Whewell, 1858), a systems-based framework for the analysis of software development project performance was constructed, adding to the systems and software body of knowledge and substantiating a comprehensive and unambiguous theoretical construct for software development. Then, the framework was applied to two completed software development projects to support validation. The structured systemic framework shows significant promise for contribution to software practitioners by indicating future software development project performance. The research also made a contribution in the area of research methodologies by resurrecting William Whewell\u27s Discoverers\u27 Induction (1858) and furthering the use of the case study method in the engineering management and systems engineering domain, areas where their application has been very limited

Nurturing Systems Thinking: Developing a Framework Based on the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Improve Systems Development Processes

Large systems engineering projects have an astonishingly high failure rate. The reasons hypothesized for such a high failure rate include the neglect of nonsalient system elements such as social and human or organizational aspects of systems. Social and human factors have long been known to be critical elements of systems that are frequently ignored (e.g., Goguen, 1994). Systems engineering processes can benefit and be improved by effective utilization of a framework that helps developers expand their attention and efforts beyond the salient aspects of the system and the development process. In the aviation field, the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) is used to facilitate the consideration of non-salient, easily overlooked influences on the potential for aviation mishaps. This system has improved the effectiveness of the aviation accident investigation by helping investigators perform a thorough analysis of the system factors that may have contributed to the accident. HFACS helps aviation organizations improve their quality assessment and monitoring by making explicit the relationships between a wide range of organizational factors and accident risks. In this research, a framework similar to HFACS was developed for the systems engineering domain.The purpose of the framework is to guide and improve systems engineering projects. This research was conducted using qualitative methods to identify the elements and structure of a framework for quality improvement in system engineering. Data extracted from interviews and systems engineering literature was assessed in a bottom-up manner to identify emergent patterns and in a top-down manner using HFACS-based themes. The framework developed from this research can be used to guide systems development organizations analyze both the obvious and the latent reasons behind a project\u27s failure. This would help systems development teams to better understand the causal factors underlying a systems development failure and look out for them in the future. Using the framework, organizations and development teams can better understand the positive effects of considering all elements of a system, including the social and human factors that may not be obvious

Um modelo de capacidade e maturidade para melhoria de processo de software para SaaS colaborativo

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas, Florianópolis, 2013.Atualmente, o cenário de desenvolvimento e disponibilização de software se mostra altamente exigente e dinâmico. SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) traz consigo uma série de vantagens que atraem provedores e clientes para tirarem proveito do cloud computing. Esses novos paradigmas permitem (com mais facilidade) a terceirização das soluções de TI e a colaboração entre provedores de serviços de software, tentando buscar novas oportunidades se beneficiando das alianças. As formas como as novas tecnologias e conceitos se relacionam, mudam e surgem, são muito dinâmicas, gerando grande cobrança nas empresas provedoras de serviço de software, para que elas acompanhem essas mudanças. A confiança na contratação dos serviços SaaS é uma necessidade que surge junto a essa mudança de paradigma computacional. Existem diversas frentes que vêem apoiar uma possível resolução deste problema, e uma delas é a adoção de melhoria de processo de software nesses provedores de serviços, cujas premissas da Engenharia de Software já são bastante difundidas, como fazem a norma ISO/IEC 15504 e o CMMI-DEV. Porém, os atuais modelos de referência e normas que norteiam essa necessidade são voltadas para o desenvolvimento de software tradicional, não cobrindo totalmente um ambiente de desenvolvimento SaaS e colaboração. Alguns modelos voltados para serviços também já estão disponíveis, como o CMMI for services e o MPS.br guia geral de serviços, porém, eles apresentam "serviços" como sendo um serviço atendimento ao cliente, e não como serviço de software, como é trazido nesta tese. Com isso, nesta tese de doutorado foi desenvolvido um Modelo de Capacidade e Maturidade para Melhoria de Processo de Software para Software-as-a-Service e para Colaboração. Esse Modelo é um repositório de boas práticas de processos (de desenvolvimento de serviços de software e colaboração), baseados na engenharia de software e princípios de gestão do processo. Ele é organizado em níveis de capacidade e maturidade, projetado para melhorar os processos. Esse Modelo vem oferecer uma possibilidade de adequação às exigências de qualidade para os provedores, oferecendo mais argumentos positivos em sua contratação e potencializando a colaboração entre os provedores. Abstract : Nowadays, the scenario of software development and availability hasshown highly demanding and dynamic. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)brings a lot of advantages that is attracting providers and customers whoare already familiar with the facility coming from cloud computing.These new paradigms allow (more easily) outsourcing of IT solutionsand collaboration among providers (trying to reach new opportunities tobenefit from alliances). The ways in which this new technologies andconcepts are related, emerge and change are very dynamic, generating ahuge demand to software development providers. Trustworthiness in thehiring of SaaS services is a necessity that comes close to this paradigmshift. There are several options that support this problem, and one ofthem is implement software process improvement of services providers,whose premises the Software Engineering are already known, likeISO/IEC 15504 standard and CMMI-DEV. However, current referencemodels and standards available are geared towards the development oftraditional software, do not completely covering SaaS developmentenvironment. Some models focused to services are available like CMMIfor services and MPS.br general guide for services, but they introducethe term ?service? like a customer service, differently that term softwareservice that is assumed in this thesis. Thus, in this doctoral thesis wasdeveloped a Capability and Maturity Model for Software ProcessImprovement for Collaborative Software-as-a-Service. This Model is arepository of best practices to Services Development Processes (SaaS)and Collaboration. Based on software engineering and managementprinciples of the process, it is organized into capability and maturitylevels, designed to improve processes. This Model can offer a chance toadapt to the quality demands for providers, offering more positivearguments in its hiring and supporting the collaboration among providers

PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS BIAYA MANFAAT PERBAIKAN SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA GURU DAN KARYAWAN SMP MUJAHIDIN

SMP Mujahidin adalah sekolah berbasis agama Islam yang didirikan dan berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Masjid Mujahidin. Penilaian kinerja guru dan karyawan di SMP Mujahidin memakai sistem yang telah disediakan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Sistem penilaian kinerja guru yang disediakan kementerian belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah dan yayasan. Oleh karena itu, penilaian kinerja untuk keperluan penempatan golongan gaji dan jabatan fungsional di dalam Yayasan didasarkan pada pandangan subyektif kepala sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi subyektifitas penilaian kepala sekolah dalam penilaian kinerja guru dan karyawan. Dalam penelitian ini, dirumuskan perbaikan terhadap sistem penilaian kinerja guru agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah dan yayasan. Beberapa metode digunakan penelitian ini untuk masing-masing tahapan penelitian. Area-area proses dalam CMMI for Services dipilih sebagian dan digunakan untuk menilai kapabilitas sistem penilaian kinerja. Kerangka kerja perancangan perangkat lunak ICONIX digunakan untuk membuat perancangan perangkat lunak. Analisis biaya manfaat dan use case point digunakan untuk menilai kelayakan finansial proyek perangkat lunak. Perangkat lunak dibuat dalam bentuk sebuah modul yang dipasang ke dalam sistem informasi manajemen sekolah GibbonEdu. Hasil analisis kapabilitas sistem penilaian kinerja ditemukan bahwa guru dan karyawan SMP Mujahidin menginginkan adanya kebijakan organisasi untuk mendukung pelaksanaan penilaian kinerja guru dan karyawan. Dalam penelitian ini, rancangan perangkat lunak dibuat berdasarkan kebutuhan yang ditemukan pada tahapan analisis kapabilitas. Dalam desain ini juga ditawarkan beberapa alternatif pengiriman data penilaian kinerja ke sistem informasi yang disediakan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Dari analisis use case point disimpulkan bahwa alternatif otomasi penuh lebih kompleks daripada alternatif semi otomasi, sehingga biaya pengerjaan perangkat lunak untuk alternatif otomasi penuh lebih besar daripada alternatif semi otomasi. Dari analisis biaya manfaat disimpulkan bahwa alternatif semi otomasi lebih menguntungkan daripada alternatif otomasi penuh

A CMMI-compliant requirements management and development process

Requirements Engineering has been acknowledged an essential discipline for Software Quality. Poorly-defined processes for eliciting, analyzing, specifying and validating requirements can lead to unclear issues or misunderstandings on business needs and project’s scope. These typically result in customers’ non-satisfaction with either the products’ quality or the increase of the project’s budget and duration. Maturity models allow an organization to measure the quality of its processes and improve them according to an evolutionary path based on levels. The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) addresses the aforementioned Requirements Engineering issues. CMMI defines a set of best practices for process improvement that are divided into several process areas. Requirements Management and Requirements Development are the process areas concerned with Requirements Engineering maturity. Altran Portugal is a consulting company concerned with the quality of its software. In 2012, the Solution Center department has developed and applied successfully a set of processes aligned with CMMI-DEV v1.3, what granted them a Level 2 maturity certification. For 2015, they defined an organizational goal of addressing CMMI-DEV maturity level 3. This MSc dissertation is part of this organization effort. In particular, it is concerned with the required process areas that address the activities of Requirements Engineering. Our main goal is to contribute for the development of Altran’s internal engineering processes to conform to the guidelines of the Requirements Development process area. Throughout this dissertation, we started with an evaluation method based on CMMI and conducted a compliance assessment of Altran’s current processes. This allowed demonstrating their alignment with the CMMI Requirements Management process area and to highlight the improvements needed to conform to the Requirements Development process area. Based on the study of alternative solutions for the gaps found, we proposed a new Requirements Management and Development process that was later validated using three different approaches. The main contribution of this dissertation is the new process developed for Altran Portugal. However, given that studies on these topics are not abundant in the literature, we also expect to contribute with useful evidences to the existing body of knowledge with a survey on CMMI and requirements engineering trends. Most importantly, we hope that the implementation of the proposed processes’ improvements will minimize the risks of mishandled requirements, increasing Altran’s performance and taking them one step further to the desired maturity level