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    κ΄‘μ„¬μœ  힘 μ„Όμ„œκ°€ λ‚΄μž₯된 λ‘œλ΄‡ 원격 및 무인 μ‘°μž‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ λͺ¨λ“ˆν™” λ‘œλ΄‡ μŠ€ν‚¨

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 기계곡학뢀, 2021.8. λ°•μš©λž˜.Robots have been used to replace human workers for dangerous and difficult tasks that require human-like dexterity. To perform sophisticated tasks, force and tactile sensing is one of the key requirements to achieve dexterous manipulation. Robots equipped with sensitive skin that can play a role of mechanoreception in animals will be able to perform tasks with high levels of dexterity. In this research, we propose modularized robotic skin that is capable of not only localizing external contacts but also estimating the magnitudes of the contact forces. In order to acquire three pieces of key information on a contact, such as contact locations in horizontal and vertical directions and the magnitude of the force, each skin module requires three degrees of freedom in sensing. In the proposed skin, force sensing is achieved by a custom-designed triangular beam structure. A force applied to the outer surface of the skin module is transmitted to the beam structure underneath, and bending of the beam is detected by fiber optic strain sensors, called fiber Bragg gratings. The proposed skin shows resolutions of 1.45 N for force estimation and 1.85 mm and 1.91 mm for contact localization in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. We also demonstrate applications of the proposed skin for remote and autonomous operations of commercial robotic arms equipped with an array of the skin modules.λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ 인간과 같은 높은 μ‘°μž‘μ„±μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ–΄λ €μš΄ μž‘μ—… ν™˜κ²½μ΄λ‚˜ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ 인간을 λŒ€μ²΄ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ—°κ΅¬λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ™λ¬Όμ˜ 기계적 감응(mechanoreception) μ—­ν• κ³Ό 같은 κΈ°λŠ₯을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ— 뢀착될 수 μžˆλŠ” μŠ€ν‚¨μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  있고, λ―Όκ°ν•œ λ‘œλ΄‡ μŠ€ν‚¨μ΄ λΆ€μ°©λœ λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ 높은 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ μ‘°μž‘μ„±μ„ 가지고 주어진 μž‘μ—…μ„ 성곡할 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ‹œ 말해 λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 힘 μ„Όμ‹±κ³Ό 촉각 μ„Όμ‹± κΈ°λŠ₯은 μ •κ΅ν•œ λ‘œλ΄‡ μ‘°μž‘μ˜ 핡심 μš”μ†Œλ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ μ„Έλ°€ν•œ μž‘μ—…λ“€μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜κΈ° ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ™ΈλΆ€ μ ‘μ΄‰μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ™Έλ ₯의 크기도 μΆ”μ •ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“ˆν™”λœ λ‘œλ΄‡ μŠ€ν‚¨μ„ μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. 접촉 힘의 크기, μ ‘μ΄‰μ˜ 수직 및 μˆ˜ν‰ μœ„μΉ˜ λ“± 접촉에 λŒ€ν•œ 3가지 정보λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 각 μŠ€ν‚¨ λͺ¨λ“ˆμ€ 3 μžμœ λ„λ₯Ό 가지도둝 μ„€κ³„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ œμ•ˆν•œ μŠ€ν‚¨μ—μ„œ 힘 센싱은 μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ„€κ³„ν•œ μ‚Όκ°ν˜• ν˜•νƒœμ˜ λΉ” ꡬ쑰의 λ³€ν˜•μ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ μΈ‘μ •ν•œλ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜 μŠ€ν‚¨ λͺ¨λ“ˆμ˜ 외피에 가해진 νž˜μ€ λΉ” ꡬ쑰둜 μ „λ‹¬λ˜κ³ , 이둜 인해 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” λΉ” ꡬ쑰의 λ³€ν˜•μ€ β€œfiber Bragg gratings” 이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” κ΄‘μ„¬μœ  슀트레인 μ„Όμ„œλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄μ„œ μΈ‘μ •λœλ‹€. μ œμ•ˆν•œ μŠ€ν‚¨μ€ 1.45 N의 힘 μΆ”μ • 해상도λ₯Ό 가지고, μˆ˜ν‰ 및 수직 μœ„μΉ˜ 좔정은 각각 1.85 mm와 1.91 mm의 해상도λ₯Ό 가진닀. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒμš©ν™”λœ λ‘œλ΄‡νŒ”μ— μ—¬λŸ¬ 개의 μŠ€ν‚¨ λͺ¨λ“ˆμ„ λ°°μ—΄ 및 λΆ€μ°©ν•˜μ—¬ λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 원격 μ‘°μž‘ 및 무인 μ‘°μž‘μ„ μ‹€ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μŠ€ν‚¨μ˜ ν™œμš©μ„±μ„ κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.1. Introduction 1 2. Design 7 2.1. Skin Module . 2.2. Skin Array . 3. Modeling 12 3.1. FBG Sensing Principle and Temperature Compensation 25 3.2. Estimation of Beam Force and Deflection . 3.3. Estimation of Spring Force . 3.4. Estimation of Contact Locations and Force . 4. Experiments 25 4.1. Experimental Setup . 4.2. Initialization . 4.3. Parameter Optimization . 4.4. Result . 5. Application 32 5.1. Remote Robot Manipulation . 5.2. Autonomous Robot Control . 6. Discussion 46 7. Conclusion 48 8. Appendix 49 8.1. Beam Deflection . Bibliography 52 Abstract in Korean 60석
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