34,060 research outputs found
Economical comparison of CHP systems for industrial user with large steam demand
In this paper cogeneration benefits applied to a user with a high steam demand are analyzed. The methodology for the feasibility study and the economical analysis of the investment is presented under the Italian legislative framework. The methodology is applied to an actual case and a detailed description and discussion of all data input is provided. Especially this last key point will be faced using starting data usually available in these kind of studies (i.e., not very detailed for thermal consumption). Finally a comparison of different CHP technologies and a sensitivity analysis is done
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Energy Projects in Milton Keynes: Energy Consultative Unit Progress Report 1976-1981
The Energy Consultative Unit was a joint Open University/MKDC body set up by Professor Jake Chapman, founder of the OU Energy Research Group. This report describes the work carried out on energy-related projects in Milton Keynes over the period 1976-1981, many of them involving the Open University. After a short explanation of how energy is used in the UK, the report introduces the Energy Consultative Unit projects and summarises the main conclusions drawn from the Unit's work. It then describes the projects on which the Unit has worked and summarises other energy projects under way in the new city. It does not go into the projects in detail, but there are a number of technical reports available for people who want to study them in more depth, and these are listed in the back of the report. The projects represent the work of a considerable number of people and a list of acknowledgements, indicating who should be contacted for further information, is also set out at the back of the report
High resolution performance analysis of micro-trigeneration in an energy-efficient residential building
Trigeneration has long been proposed as a means to improve energy-efficiency for large and medium sized buildings. To curb increasing energy demand in the residential sector, researchers are now focusing their attention on adapting trigeneration to residential buildings. Literature is full of examples pertaining to the performance of trigeneration in large and medium sized commercial buildings, however little is known on the performance of micro-trigeneration inside residential buildings, particularly under a range of operating conditions. To understand the influence that parameters such as changes in thermal and electrical loading or different plant configurations have on the performance of micro-trigeneration, this research makes use of a detailed model of a Maltese apartment building, and associated micro-trigeneration system. The performance of the model is simulated using a whole building simulation tool run at high-resolution minute time frequency over a number of different operating conditions and scenarios. Each scenario was then assessed on the basis of the system's energetic, environmental and economic performance. The results show that, compared to separate generation the use of a residential micro-trigeneration system reduces primary energy consumption by about 40%, but also that the system's financial performance is highly susceptible to the operating conditions
Economic analysis of the health impacts of housing improvement studies: a systematic review
Background: Economic evaluation of public policies
has been advocated but rarely performed. Studies from a
systematic review of the health impacts of housing
improvement included data on costs and some economic
analysis. Examination of these data provides an
opportunity to explore the difïŹculties and the potential
for economic evaluation of housing.
Methods: Data were extracted from all studies included
in the systematic review of housing improvement which
had reported costs and economic analysis (n=29/45).
The reported data were assessed for their suitability to
economic evaluation. Where an economic analysis was
reported the analysis was described according to pre-set
deïŹnitions of various types of economic analysis used in
the ïŹeld of health economics.
Results: 25 studies reported cost data on the
intervention and/or beneïŹts to the recipients. Of these,
11 studies reported data which was considered
amenable to economic evaluation. A further four studies
reported conducting an economic evaluation. Three of
these studies presented a hybrid âbalance sheetâ
approach and indicated a net economic beneïŹt
associated with the intervention. One cost-effectiveness
evaluation was identiïŹed but the data were unclearly
reported; the cost-effectiveness plane suggested that the
intervention was more costly and less effective than the
status quo.
Conclusions: Future studies planning an economic
evaluation need to (i) make best use of available data
and (ii) ensure that all relevant data are collected. To
facilitate this, economic evaluations should be planned
alongside the intervention with input from health
economists from the outset of the study. When
undertaken appropriately, economic evaluation provides
the potential to make signiïŹcant contributions to
housing policy
The great lockdown: was it worth it? CEPS Policy Insights No 2020-11 / May 2020
What the IMF calls the âgreat lockdownâ has thrown Europe and the global economy into a deep
recession. When putting their countries into lockdown, governments essentially pushed the
panic button, mostly in the face of rising fatalities. Was this the right choice? The answer to this
question is usually framed in terms of the lives saved versus jobs lost. However, a closer look at
the actual expenses for medical care that the pandemic has engendered so far and a bottomup
calculation for hospitalisation costs suggests that the economic costs of the great lockdown,
while very large, might still be lower than the medical costs that an unchecked spread of the
virus would have caused. There might thus be no need to assign an economic value to the lives
saved to come to the conclusion that a
Carbon Free Boston: Buildings Technical Report
Part of a series of reports that includes:
Carbon Free Boston: Summary Report;
Carbon Free Boston: Social Equity Report;
Carbon Free Boston: Technical Summary;
Carbon Free Boston: Transportation Technical Report;
Carbon Free Boston: Waste Technical Report;
Carbon Free Boston: Energy Technical Report;
Carbon Free Boston: Offsets Technical Report;
Available at http://sites.bu.edu/cfb/OVERVIEW:
Boston is known for its historic iconic buildings, from the Paul Revere House in the North End, to City
Hall in Government Center, to the Old South Meeting House in Downtown Crossing, to the African
Meeting House on Beacon Hill, to 200 Clarendon (the Hancock Tower) in Back Bay, to Abbotsford in
Roxbury. In total, there are over 86,000 buildings that comprise more than 647 million square feet of
area. Most of these buildings will still be in use in 2050.
Floorspace (square footage) is almost evenly split between residential and non-residential uses, but
residential buildings account for nearly 80,000 (93 percent) of the 86,000 buildings. Bostonâs buildings
are used for a diverse range of activities that include homes, offices, hospitals, factories, laboratories,
schools, public service, retail, hotels, restaurants, and convention space. Building type strongly
influences energy use; for example, restaurants, hospitals, and laboratories have high energy demands
compared to other commercial uses.
Bostonâs building stock is characterized by thousands of turn-of-the-20th century homes and a postWorld War II building boom that expanded both residential buildings and commercial space. Boston is in
the midst of another boom in building construction that is transforming neighborhoods across the city. [TRUNCATED]Published versio
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 125
This special bibliography lists 323 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in January 1974
Recent Advances in Technologies, Methods, and Economic Analysis for Sustainable Development of Energy, Water, and Environment Systems
Sustainability has become a broad societal goal, aiming to ensure that human beings coexist safely and harmoniously with nature over a longer time. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy is coming to an end. The development and merits of sustainable energy supply, advanced technology, and economic features have received significant attention over the last few decades. However, significant gaps still exist with respect to how to design, construct, and implement hybrid and optimal energy systems with the lowest investment and cost. Since 2002, the Sustainable Development of Energy, Water, and Environment Systems (SDEWES) conferences have become a significant meeting venue for researchers to introduce, discuss, share, and disseminate novel concepts and ideas. This paper presents an overview of published articles in the Special Issues (SIs) dedicated by the series SDEWES conferences, especially those published in Energies recommended by the 16th SDEWES Conference, which was held on 10â15 October 2021 in Dubrovnik, Croatia. This SI in Energies focused on four main topics, including the application of renewable bioenergy, component enhancement in renewable systems, sustainable development for buildings and economic analysis and evaluation for sustainability. The collected papers provide insight into the topics related to recent advances in improving sustainable efficiency, including studies on waste-to-wealth techniques, utilization of hybrid bioenergy systems, heat exchangers and other components for performance enhancement, energy supply and demand analysis, low-temperature DHC systems, techno-economic assessment, and environmental evaluation
Towards a better understanding of the e-health user: comparing USE IT and Requirements study for an Electronic Patient Record.
This paper compares a traditional requirements study with 22 interviews for the design of an electronic patient record (EPR) and a USE IT analysis with 17 interviews trying to understand the end- user of an EPR. Developing, implementing and using information technology in organizations is a complex social activity. It is often characterized by ill-defined problems or vague goals, conflicts and disruptions that result from organizational change. Successfully implementing information systems in healthcare organizations appears to be a difficult task. Information Technology is regarded as an enabler of change in healthcare organizations but (information) technology adoption decisions in healthcare are complex, because of the uncertainty of benefits and the rate of change of technology. (Job) Relevance is recognized as an important determinant for IS success but still does not find its way into a systems design process
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