EU Enlargement and Agro-Food Export Performance on EU Market Segments

This paper examines the impact of EU enlargement on agro-food export performance across 12 new EU member states and 5 newly independent states in the EU markets covering the period 1999-2007. The performance is examined by duration of export and hazard model. We find larger duration for the agro-food exports from the new EU member states. The results confirm gains from the eastward EU enlargement and governance on export increases and longer duration for exporting higher value-added specialized consumer-ready food and more competitive niche agro-food products

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION DETERMINANTS OF THE SMALL AGRO-FOOD FIRMS: HYPOTHESES AND STATISTICAL TESTS

The purpose of this paper is to establish a link between competition perceived by the small firm manager and the decision to export. Using a sample of 335 small agro-food firms as a basis to our study, the statistical model presented shows a negative connection between the high perceived quality competitiveness and the fact that a firm exports.Agribusiness, International Relations/Trade,

THE IMPACT OF EU AND US AGRO-FOOD NON TARIFF MEASURES ON EXPORTS FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Aim of the paper is to appraise the impact of EU and US non tariff measures on agro-food exports from African, Asian and South-American developing countries. After an inventory description of these measures, a gravity model is estimated. The results offer a measure of the impact of the different type of technical (i.e. labeling and standard requirement for both safety and non safety matters) and non-technical (i.e. import licensing and authorization requirements) provisions and of the different degree of application of the same measures, on the agro-food export from developing countries.International Relations/Trade,

Produk Agroindustri Olahan Yang Berdaya Saing Ekspor Dan Dampaknya Terhadap PDRB Provinsi Jambi

The Objective of this research is two. firstly is to identify agro industry commodity oriented to export thah have excellent. secondly is to identify effect of industry development in terms of agro industry trough PDRB. As for this study is performed in Jambi Province. The methods used are descriptive quantitative. This analisis invelves two models. The first analysis use multile regression and the second analysis uses simple regression model. this analysis included, export price, competitor export price, exchange rates, national income and investment have influence to industry development as excellent agroindustry oriented to demand. The second, industry development as excellent agroindustry commodity has positive effect and real through inprovement of PDRB

Assessing the Economic Impacts of Incorporating Romania's Agricultural and Food Sectors into EU's Customs Union: an Applied General Equilibrium Approach

Joining the European Union club implies, among many other policy changes, full integration of Romania's economy into EU's customs union. This is expected to have significant implications for domestic farmers and food processors. The paper constructs a single-country Applied General Equilibrium (AGE) model to investigate the impact of tariff border adjustments on changes in relative prices, production and trade patterns associated with fifteen local agro-food activities. Moreover, the modelling work identifies those agro-food sectors that have the potential to benefit the most from EU enlargement in terms of output effects given that Romanian producers are capable of fully responding to the incentives provided with integration. These mainly include (bovine) live animals and meat products, sugar, and cereal grains. Agro-food trade with EU intensifies in particular for those commodities for which trade restrictions are still substantial prior to accession. However, the magnitude of changes is relatively small due to the weak integration of domestic agro-food sectors into international trade structures. The AGE model also predicts static welfare gains of 0.65 percent of GDP equivalent variation. These seem to be more associated with better access to EU markets and increased export prices, and less with the preferential unilateral elimination of tariffs or their adjustment to EU's external levels. The model assumptions are highly theoretical and the model structure does not reflect with fidelity the workings of an economy in transition. Nonetheless, it does represent a solid base upon which further improvements could be added and structural transitional issues could be attached to more accurately predict potential outcomes.EU enlargement, Customs union, Agriculture, Romania, AGE modelling

Governing teak furniture business : a global value-chain system dynamic modeling approach

Indonesian teak forest plantation contributes to more than 35% of world teak forests. Perhutani, a state owned company, manages one million Ha of teak plantation area, while local communities manages teak agro-forests outside the state forest that amounts to 160,000 Ha. Javanese teak provides employments and livelihoods to millions of people. However, teak related income distribution is rarely known as well as future scenarios to make it fairer and sustainable viable to teak growers. This paper describes the use of systems dynamics to mimic value chain of teak from the forest to the final furniture market using phases of conceptual design, model specification, model evaluation and model uses. The model comprises Perhutani plantation teak, community agro-forest, teak log trading, furniture manufacturing and market. From the trends we observe Indonesian furniture role in world market is shrinking. The power asymmetry makes the furniture small-medium enterprises (SMEs) and teak growers get a small share of value added. Scenarios of boosting teak planting, fair trade and upgrading SMEs through vertical integration with lead firms can improve the sustainability of teak furniture business and enhance incomes of the poorest actors within the teak value chain. (Résumé d'auteur

The four food systems in developing countries and the challenges of modern supply chain inclusion for organic small-holders

To promote developmental objectives, such as growth, food security and improvement of the livelihoods of the rural poor, a greater understanding of the four food systems prevalent in the South is of great importance. Inclusion of small-holder farmers into the various food systems depends to a large extent on the capacity of the intermediaries and their ability to cope with both internal as well as external constraints while linking farmers to the agro-supply chains. The greater discrepancy between the intermediary’s own social and human capital resource base as well as the supporting resource environment, and the level of requirements demanded from agro-food systems; the greater constraints the stakeholders along the supply chain will encounter and the more difficult the inclusion of small-holder farmers will be

Determinants of Export Performance of Pakistan: Evidence from the Firm-Level Data

This paper explores the determinants of export performance at the level of firms in respect of their characteristics and supply side constraints. The analysis is based on a survey of export-oriented firms in four major sectors. The results indicate a relationship between the better performance of foreign-owned firms to their better know-how and resources compared to the domestically owned firms. Export performance is positively affected by the level of investment in market/client oriented technologies. Lack of certification of product and process standards is the main supply side constraint adversely affecting the firms’ export performance. Facilitation measures like export processing zones, internationally recognised testing labs, and industrial clusters would be helpful in improving the export performance of firms.Trade, Exports, Firms, Performance, Manufacturing

Trade, Food Standards and Poverty: The Case of High-Value Vegetable Exports from Senegal

Agricultural supply chains are changing globally with pervasive food standards and increased vertical coordination. The impact of these changes for developing countries and for small farmers in those countries is not yet well understood. We analyze the developments in high-standards FFV supply chains and the effects for small farmers and rural households in Senegal. We use a unique dataset derived from company level interviews and household surveys in the main horticulture zone in Senegal. Supply chain restructuring resulted in a shift from contract-farming with small-scale producers to large-scale vertically integrated estate-farming. A comprehensive econometric analysis shows that the restructuring of the value chain has enhanced an equitable distribution of rents among the rural population. Contract-farming, on the one hand increases the gains from high-value production and trade that accrue to the rural smallholder population but on the other hand, leads to the exclusion of the poorest farmers. Estate-farming and associated rural employment have a smaller (albeit still significantly large) effect on rural incomes and probably increase the rents from high-value agricultural trade that are extracted by large agro-industrial companies but add to the income of the poorest households. This challenges the argument made in the literature that high-standards food production needs to integrate small farmers as suppliers if it needs to benefit rural development and increase the welfare for the poor.International Relations/Trade, D1, L66, O13, Q12, Q17,