Effect of Activated Charcoal and Composition Activator Acid Sulphate on Palm Oil Waste Water Treatment

Purpose of this research is to exploit the shell and palm fiber become the active charcoal, by looking at the influence of the ratio mixture composition and effect of activator. this Active charcoal application as adsorbent to the liquid waste of crude palm oil. Initial treatment, shells and palm fiber dried first at a temperature of 1200C and carbonized. charcoal mix shell and palm fiber activation chemically with a solution of H2SO4 by way of immersed in the solution for 24 hours. The best quality activated charcoal obtained from the comparison of the 75% shell, 25% palm fiber with activator H2SO4 that has a yield of 95.94%, 4.9% moisture content, ash content 6.13%, iodine number 916.594 mg / g. Activated charcoal mixture palm shell and palm fiber can be used as adsorbent liquid waste CPO, which is indicated by a decline in these parameters in the waste water contaminants in CPO, which is a 7.49 pH of 9, TSS of 660 ppm to 325 ppm,COD becomes 237,12 mg/L from1577.60 mg/L

A review of agricultural waste activated carbon and effect on adsorption parameters

Activated carbon is widely used in industrial wastewater treatment operation because of the effectiveness in removing the dye. As the conventional activated carbon on market nowadays is expensive, lots of research was done on agricultural materials to replace the activated carbon. Sugarcane bagasse is listed as one of the agricultural material alternatives. This review compiles the characterisation of sugarcane bagasse and several agricultural wastes-based activated carbon including proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and activated carbon surface characteristic used to remove dye in textile wastewater. Nevertheless, the adsorption parameters are the main focus as it affecting the removal of dye. The expansion review regarding activated carbon performance implies that dye removal efficiency depends on the amount of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH solution, dye concentration applied during the adsorption process. This review shows the need of thoughtful information on adsorption parameters with an expanded list of various types of agricultural-based activated carbon and various dye removal

Explosively activated egress area

A lightweight, add on structure which employs linear shaped pyrotechnic charges to smoothly cut an airframe along an egress area periphery is provided. It compromises reaction surfaces attached to the exterior surface of the airframe's skin and is designed to restrict the skin deflection. That portion of the airframe within the egress area periphery is jettisoned. Retention surfaces and sealing walls are attached to the interior surface of the airframe's skin and are designed to shield the interior of the aircraft during detonation of the pyrotechnic charges

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from palm kernel shell

In Malaysia, the production of activated carbons is still coconut-based although Malaysia has long shifted from coconut into palm oil plantation. Huge amount of waste Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) are being generated and disposed off into the landfill with little known of their usage on large scale. In this study, the potential of production of activated carbon from raw palm kernel shells are studied. Activated carbon was prepared from raw palm kernel shells using chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activating agent. The effects of different process parameters: KOH concentration, activation temperature and time on physicochemical properties of the prepared activated carbon were investigated. The activated carbon was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proximate analysis and methylene blue adsorption study. FTIR analysis indicates that raw palm kernel shell has successfully been converted into activated carbon. SEM photograph revealed that prepared activated carbons have numerous burn-off pores with extensive surface area for adsorption. Activated carbon sample prepared at 700 ºC and 1 hour activation with 30 wt % KOH impregnation showed greatest extend of methylene blue removal of 6.932 mg/g equivalent to 69.324 %RE with largest specific surface area of 21.137 x 10-3 km2kg-1 have been reported. This study shows that palm kernel shells can be used as a good source for the production of activated carbon

Plasmon assisted transport through disordered array of quantum wires

Phononless plasmon assisted thermally activated transport through a long disordered array of finite length quantum wires is investigated analytically. Generically strong electron plasmon interaction in quantum wires results in a qualitative change of the temperature dependence of thermally activated resistance in comparison to phonon assisted transport. At high temperatures, the thermally activated resistance is determined by the Luttinger liquid interaction parameter of the wires.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, final version as publishe

Phononless thermally activated transport through a disordered array of quantum wires

Phononless plasmon assisted transport through a long disordered array of finite length quantum wires is investigated analytically. Two temperature regimes, the low- and the high-temperature ones, with qualitatively different temperature dependencies of thermally activated resistance are identified. The characteristics of plasmon assisted and phonon assisted transport mechanisms are compared. Generically strong electron-electron interaction in quantum wires results in a qualitative change of the temperature dependence of thermally activated resistance in comparison to phonon assisted transport. At high temperatures, the thermally activated resistance is determined by the Luttinger liquid interaction parameter of the wires.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur