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    Accident

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    Traffic Accident Blackspot Identification and Ambulance Fastest Route Mobilization Process for the City of Surakarta

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    Quickly and precisely treatment in traffic accident is one way to avoid the risk of death victims. Therefore, it's necessary to determine the fastest route from the traffic accident locations to the nearest hospital. The research objective was to determine the traffic accident blackspot of Surakarta city, the referral hospitals and the ambulance fastest route using GIS program. Determination of traffic accident blackspot used three methods, that are kernel density estimation, cluster and outlier analysis. Method of determining the fastest route mobilization is network analyst tool. Determination of the fastest route mobilization based on travel time. According to an analysis, there are 15 locations of traffic accident blackspots in Surakarta city. A referral hospitals in Surakarta city are Brayat Minulya, Dr. Moewardi, Dr. Oen, Kasih Ibu, Kustati, Panti Waluyo and PKU Muhammadiyah hospital. Mobilization route of the accidents victim has an average of travel time about 4.84 minutes

    Development of accident prediction model by using artificial neural network (ANN)

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    Statistical or crash prediction model have frequently been used in highway safety studies. They can be used in identify major contributing factors or establish relationship between crashes and explanatory accident variables. The measurements to prevent accident are from the speed reduction, widening the roads, speed enforcement, or construct the road divider, or other else. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an accident prediction model at federal road FT 050 Batu Pahat to Kluang. The study process involves the identification of accident blackspot locations, establishment of general patterns of accident, analysis of the factors involved, site studies, and development of accident prediction model using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) applied software which named NeuroShell2. The significant of the variables that are selected from these accident factors are checked to ensure the developed model can give a good prediction results. The performance of neural network is evaluated by using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The study result showed that the best neural network for accident prediction model at federal road FT 050 is 4-10-1 with 0.1 learning rate and 0.2 momentum rate. This network model contains the lowest value of MAPE and highest value of linear correlation, r which is 0.8986. This study has established the accident point weightage as the rank of the blackspot section by kilometer along the FT 050 road (km 1 ā€“ km 103). Several main accident factors also have been determined along this road, and after all the data gained, it has successfully analyzed by using artificial neural network

    Does the Fault System Optimally Control Primary Accident Costs?

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    For the purposes of this article, I shall assume that the sole aim of any system of accident law is the minimization of the sum of (a) accident costs and (b) the cost of avoiding accident costs. I include in the latter the cost in pleasure forgone of undertaking a relatively less desirable but less accident-prone activity, orā€”what is really the same thingā€”the cost of engaging in an activity in a safer but more expensive or less pleasurable way. I make this assumption for analytical purposes only. I do not for a moment believe this to be the only aim of accident law. The aim that a system of accident law be just or fair could only through a rather unhappy twisting of wordsā€”and valuation of things which cannot be valuedā€”be made to come within my cost formulation. Yet fairness is ultimately a goal which any system of accident law must meet. Everything cannot be discussed at once, however, and, although I believe that the fault system can be shown to be quite unfair both relatively and absolutely, I will leave that demonstration to another piece

    Accident investigation

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    Aircraft accident investigations are discussed with emphasis on those accidents that involved weather as a contributing factor. The organization of the accident investigation board for air carrier accidents is described along with the hearings, and formal report preparation. Statistical summaries of the investigations of general aviation accidents are provided

    Behaviour and accidents in young children and adolescents

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    The Mater-University Study of Pregnancy recruited a cohort of 8,458 Brisbane women during pregnancy. Subsequent follow-ups of mother and child occurred a few days, 6 months, 5 years and 14 years after birth, with the collection of a wide range of biological, sociological and behavioural information as well as measures of mental and physical health. In anticipation of a further cohort follow-up (funded by CARRS-Q) aimed specifically at examining risk-taking behaviour and road crashes in young drivers, the present paper examines the relationship between child and adolescent behaviour and the occurrence of accidents. This indicates that children with behaviour problems, particularly social and attentional disorders at age 5 years are nearly twice as likely to have had an accident in the past three months. While there is some evidence of continuity of accident occurrence (27% of children whose motherā€™s reported an accident at age 5 years also were also reported to have had an accident requiring medical attention in the last year) this association was weak. Behaviour problems, as measured by the Child Services, police or Juvenile Aid Bureau at age 14 also predict accident occurrence at age 14. ā€˜Binge drinkingā€™ (consumption of seven or more alcoholic drinks at a time), while rare in this sample (2%) was associated with a doubling of accident risk. The next phase of MUSP will involve administering a questionnaire focused on risk taking behaviour to adolescents, followed up by later record linkage to accident reports and medical records to obtain end-points of road crashes and accident morbidity

    CarSim : automatic 3D scene generation of a car accident description

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    The problem of generating a 3D simulation of a car accident from a written description can be divided into two subtasks: the linguistic analysis and the virtual scene generation. As a means of communication between these two system parts, we designed a template formalism to represent a written accident report. The CarSim system processes formal descriptions of accidents and creates corresponding 3D simulations. A planning component models the trajectories and temporal values of every vehicle that is involved in the accident. Two algorithms plan the simulation of the accident. The CarSim system contains algorithms for planning collisions with static objects, as well as algorithms for modeling accidents consisting of more than one collision and collisions with vehicles which have stopped. 1

    Generating a 3D Simulation of a Car Accident from a Formal Description: the CarSim System

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    The problem of generating a 3D simulation of a car accident from a written description can be divided into two subtasks: the linguistic analysis and the virtual scene generation. As a means of communication between these two system parts, we designed a template formalism to represent a written accident report. The CarSim system processes template formal descriptions and creates corresponding 3D simulations. A planning component models the trajectories and temporal values of every vehicle that is involved in the accident

    The measurement of accident-proneness

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    This paper deals with the measurement of accident-proneness. Accidents seem easy to observe, however accident-proneness is difficult to measure. In this paper I first define the concept of accident-proneness, and I develop an instrument to measure it. The research is mainly executed within chemical industry, and the organizations are pictured summarily. The instrument is validated in different ways with different outcomes. On the basis of these outcomes I conclude that the accident-proneness scale has only a limited validity, and each branch of industry probably requires another accident subscale. However for a comparison within chemical industry the instrument seems admissible.
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