Cooperative Access in Cognitive Radio Networks: Stable Throughput and Delay Tradeoffs

In this paper, we study and analyze fundamental throughput-delay tradeoffs in cooperative multiple access for cognitive radio systems. We focus on the class of randomized cooperative policies, whereby the secondary user (SU) serves either the queue of its own data or the queue of the primary user (PU) relayed data with certain service probabilities. The proposed policy opens room for trading the PU delay for enhanced SU delay. Towards this objective, stability conditions for the queues involved in the system are derived. Furthermore, a moment generating function approach is employed to derive closed-form expressions for the average delay encountered by the packets of both users. Results reveal that cooperation expands the stable throughput region of the system and significantly reduces the delay at both users. Moreover, we quantify the gain obtained in terms of the SU delay under the proposed policy, over conventional relaying that gives strict priority to the relay queue.Comment: accepted for publication in IEEE 12th Intl. Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt), 201

Lessons of the European Crisis for Regional Monetary and Financial Integration in East Asia

The debt crisis in several member states of the euro area has raised doubts on the viability of European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the future of the euro. While the launch of the euro in 1999 stirred a lot of interest in regional monetary integration and even monetary unification in various parts of the world, including East Asia, the current crisis has had the opposite effect, even raising expectations of a break-up of the euro area. Indeed, the crisis has highlighted the problems and tensions that will inevitably arise within a monetary union when imbalances build up and become unsustainable. This note discusses the causes of the current European crisis and the challenges that EMU countries face in solving it. Based on this analysis, it derives five lessons for regional financial and monetary cooperation and integration in East Asia.european crisis; euro area; european monetary union; financial integration; east asia

Responding to the Global Financial and Economic Crisis: Meeting the Challenges in Asia

Based on a review of international and regional responses to the global financial and economic crisis and its implications for finance in Asia, Douglas Arner and Lotte Schou-Zibell draw lessons for Asian financial systems with regard to the scope of regulation; financial standards; supervision, regulation, and infrastructure; financial crises resolution; financial sector development; and strengthened regional financial architecture. They conclude with a discussion of challenges and policy options.Global financial crisis; Group of 20; systemic risk; financial sector development

Stochastic Dominance and Nonparametric Comparative Revealed Risk Aversion

It is shown how to test revealed preference data on choices under uncertainty for consistency with first and second order stochastic dominance (FSD or SSD). The axiom derived for SSD is a necessary and sufficient condition for risk aversion. If an investor is risk averse, stochastic dominance relations can be combined with revealed preference relations to recover a larger part of an investor‘s preference. Interpersonal comparison between investors can be based on intersections of revealed preferred and worse sets. Using a variant of Yaari‘s (1969) defi nition of “more risk averse than”, it is shown that it is sufficient to compare only the revealed preference relations of two investors. This makes the approach operational given a fi nite set of observations. The central rationalisability theorem provides strong support for this approach to comparative risk aversion. The entire analysis is kept completely nonparametric and can be used as an alternative or complement to parametric approaches and as a robustness check. The approach is illustrated with an application to experimental data of by Choi et al. (2007). Most subjects come close to SSD-rationality, and most subjects are comparable with each other. The distribution of risk attitudes in the population can be described by comparing subjects‘ choices with any given preference, which is also illustrated.Comparative risk aversion; experimental economics; induced budget experiments; interpersonal comparison; nonparametric analysis; portfolio choice; revealed preference; risk preference

Global Financial Regulatory Reforms:Implications for Developing Asia

The objective of global regulatory reform is to build a resilient global financial system that can withstand shocks and dampen, rather than amplify, their effects on the real economy. Lessons drawn from the recent crisis have led to specific reform proposals with concrete implementation plans at the international level. Yet, these proposals have raised concerns of relevance to Asia’s developing economies and hence require further attention at the regional level. We argue that global financial reform should allow for the enormous development challenges faced by developing countries—while ensuring that domestic financial regulatory systems keep abreast of global standards. This implies global reforms should be complemented and augmented by national and regional reforms, taking into account the very different characteristics of emerging economies’ financial systems from advanced economies. Key areas of development focus should be (i) balancing regulation and innovation, (ii) establishing national and cross-border crisis management and resolution mechanisms, (iii) preparing a comprehensive framework and contingency plan for financial institution failure, including consumer protection measures such as deposit insurance, (iv) supporting growth and development with particular attention to the region’s financial needs for infrastructure and for SMEs, and (v) reforming the international and regional financial architecture.financial regulatory reform; global financial architecture; G-20; Asia; national and regional reform

Regional and Global Monetary Cooperation

The increasing occurrence of national, regional, and global financial crises, together with their rising costs and complexity, have increased calls for greater regional and global monetary cooperation. This is particularly necessary in light of volatile capital flow movements that can quickly transmit crisis developments in individual countries to other countries around the world. Global financial safety nets (GFSNs) are one important area for monetary cooperation. This paper reviews the current situation of regional and global monetary cooperation, focusing on financial safety nets, with a view toward developing recommendations for more effective cooperation, especially between the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and regional financial arrangements (RFAs).monetary cooperation; regional monetary cooperation; global monetary cooperation; regional financial arrangements; financial safety nets; global financial crises

Annotated directory of US Government information system projects of potential interest to NASA/SSPO

The purpose of this research activity was to develop a list for NASA of major U.S. government information systems contacts who are able to cooperate with NASA on technical interchange. The list contains the names of appropriate managers involved in major information system projects, U.S. government office officials, and their hierarchy up to the highest officials whose major responsibilities include government information systems development

Global Financial Regulatory Reforms: Implications for Developing Asia

The objective of global regulatory reform is to build a resilient global financial system that can withstand shocks and dampen, rather than amplify, their effects on the real economy. Lessons drawn from the recent crisis have led to specific reform proposals with concrete implementation plans at the international level. Yet, these proposals have raised concerns of relevance to Asia’s developing economies and hence require further attention at the regional level. We argue that global financial reform should allow for the enormous development challenges faced by developing countries—while ensuring that domestic financial regulatory systems keep abreast of global standards. This implies global reforms should be complemented and augmented by national and regional reforms, taking into account the very different characteristics of emerging economies’ financial systems from advanced economies. Key areas of development focus should be (i) balancing regulation and innovation, (ii) establishing national and cross-border crisis management and resolution mechanisms, (iii) preparing a comprehensive framework and contingency plan for financial institution failure, including consumer protection measures such as deposit insurance, (iv) supporting growth and development with particular attention to the region’s financial needs for infrastructure and for SMEs, and (v) reforming the international and regional financial architecture.published_or_final_versio

Strengthening financial infrastructure

This study provides comparative perspectives on the current and prospective situation of financial market development in ASEAN, the PRC, and India, identifies key priorities for strengthening financial infrastructure to promote financial development and regional integration, and produces policy recommendations at the national, sub-regional and regional levels. The four priority areas covered by the study are: market development, opening, and efficiency; financial inclusion; achievement of financial stability; and financial integration

ALMOST STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE ORDE KE-2 DAN PENERAPANNYA PADA TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI JAWA TENGAH

Aryanto Agus Wibowo, 2016. ALMOST STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE ORDE KE-2 DAN PENERAPANNYA PADA TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI JAWA TENGAH. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Kriteria dominasi suatu fungsi distribusi banyak ditemui dalam masalah investasi, momentum, produksi pertanian, dan sebagainya. Salah satu kriteria dominasi adalah kriteria stochastic dominance (SD). Tetapi, jika terdapat kriteria SD dengan daerah yang mendominasi memiliki nilai yang lebih kecil daripada daerah yang didominasi maka kriteria almost stochastic dominance (ASD) dapat digunakan. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas mengenai penurunan ulang kriteria ASD. Selanjutnya ASD diterapkan untuk menentukan tahun berapa pengeluaran per kapita penduduk di Jawa Tengah dalam kurun waktu 2009-2013 yang paling mendominasi untuk menentukan tingkat kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan ulang kriteria ASD untuk orde pertama adalah ∫ S1 [F (t) G(t)]dt � " ∫ S jF (t) G(t)jdt untuk variabel acak kontinu dan ∑n i:y 1>x1 (y i x i ) � " ∑n i:1 jy i x i j untuk variabel acak diskrit. Sedangkan penurunan ulang kriteria ASD untuk orde kedua adalah ∫ S2 (G(t) F (t))dt � " ∫ S (G(t) F (t))dt + ∫ S2 (G(t) F (t))dt dan 1 n ∑n i:y 1>x1 (y i x i ) � "[ 1 n ∑n i:1 (x i ) ∑n i:1 (y i ) + 2[ 1 n ∑n i:y 1>x1 (y i x i )]] untuk variabel acak diskrit. Selanjutnya untuk aplikasi ASD pada pengeluaran per kapita penduduk di Jawa Tengah diperoleh pengeluaran per kapita penduduk di Jawa Tengah tahun 2013 mendominasi pengeluaran per kapita penduduk di Jawa Tengah tahun 2009-2012. Dengan kata lain, tingkat kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah tahun 2013 lebih rendah dibandingkan tahun 2009-2012. Kata kunci: stochastic dominance, almost stochastic dominance, persentase perkembanga