865 research outputs found
Quantum algorithms for hidden nonlinear structures
Attempts to find new quantum algorithms that outperform classical computation
have focused primarily on the nonabelian hidden subgroup problem, which
generalizes the central problem solved by Shor's factoring algorithm. We
suggest an alternative generalization, namely to problems of finding hidden
nonlinear structures over finite fields. We give examples of two such problems
that can be solved efficiently by a quantum computer, but not by a classical
computer. We also give some positive results on the quantum query complexity of
finding hidden nonlinear structures.Comment: 13 page
The cubic moment of central values of automorphic L-functions
The authors study the central values of L-functions in certain families; in
particular they bound the sum of the cubes of these values.Contents:Comment: 42 pages, published versio
The square root law and structure of finite rings
Let be a finite ring and define the hyperbola . Suppose that for a sequence of finite odd order rings of size tending
to infinity, the following "square root law" bound holds with a constant
for all non-trivial characters on : Then, with a finite number of
exceptions, those rings are fields.
For rings of even order we show that there are other infinite families given
by Boolean rings and Boolean twists which satisfy this square-root law
behavior. We classify the extremal rings, those for which the left hand side of
the expression above satisfies the worst possible estimate. We also describe
applications of our results to problems in graph theory and geometric
combinatorics.
These results provide a quantitative connection between the square root law
in number theory, Salem sets, Kloosterman sums, geometric combinatorics, and
the arithmetic structure of the underlying rings
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