Developing an Objective Definition of Simulation Fidelity for Enroute Air Traffic Control

The domain of enroute Air Traffic Control (ATC) relies heavily on simulation for a variety of purposes. However, little research has been conducted in this particular domain to determine the link between fidelity and how simulation is used. This thesis introduces the first definition of simulation fidelity for the enroute ATC domain; it also presents a first standardized simulation environment categorization system. These are important foundational steps, as an online survey of 86 ATC industry professionals found that a significant majority believe that simulation fidelity is not well defined for enroute ATC. An initial definition of simulation for enroute ATC was developed based on documentation regarding the current enroute ATC operational environment and previous research experience in the enroute ATC domain. This definition underwent a preliminary validation during semi structured interviews conducted at an air navigation service provider (ANSP), where all 13 interviewees believed that the definition capture the environment components that can affect the fidelity of enroute ATC simulation. Subsequently,almost 85% of the 86 industry professionals surveyed at least ‘Agreed’ with the components in the definition, with no significant differences with regards to this agreement within the demographic groups of nationality, primary use of simulation, gender and years of experience working simulation. The definition helps to reduce the ambiguity and confusion around the concept of simulation fidelity within the domain of enroute ATC, and potentially provide the foundation for further investigation into the links between fidelity and simulation use within the ATC industry . A categorization system, similar to that used by the FAA for categorizing flight simulators, was then developed in order to operationalize the fidelity definition into five categories differentiating the fidelity of enroute ATC simulation environments. During the validation of this construct, a key limitation was identified in that, as it is currently structured, simulation environments can fall under more than one category. Potential modifications and future iterations of the categorization system are discussed. In addition, industry perceptions regarding how simulation of varying degrees of fidelity ought to be used depending on the task to be accomplished are presented and discussed. The perceptions indicate a strong desire to rely heavily on higher fidelity simulation to accomplish training, testing new operational concepts and researching human factors issues with few instances of support for lower fidelity simulation. However, these perceptions do not necessarily represent best practices. This investigation is meant to stimulate discussion of how simulation is currently used within the industry as well as offer potential areas for further research to determine if there are other options to the status quo

A Robot Simulator Classification System For Hri

This paper presents a classification system for computer-based robot simulators that is based on the FAA guidelines for aircraft simulators. Low fidelity computer simulation has been used extensively for testing artificial intelligence and control algorithms for robotic systems. Until recently operator training using simulators has been impractical due to the cost of the computer systems necessary to simulate robot operation with high fidelity. The rapid increase in the power of desktop computers over the last decade has led to cheap, high fidelity vehicle simulation. A review of the literature shows that there are many robot simulators in use with a variety of features and fidelity levels. There has been no prior work attempting to classify the functionality of these robot simulators. © 2007 IEEE