Proceedings

Conference held on Aug. 22-25, 1989, Centre of Urban Studies and Urban Planning, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.Sponsored by Hong Kong Institute of Planners and others.published_or_final_versionBoolean maps and the rationalization of opportunities and constraints in physical planning Brimicomble, Allan J. Brimicombe, Allan J. 13Computer aided landslip potential mapping and its application to land use planning and development control Siddle, H.J. Siddle, H.J. Turner, M.D. Turner, M.D. Bentley, S.P. Bentley, S.P. 1List of contributors 531Preface Yeh, Anthony G.O. Yeh, Anthony G.O. xiAuthor index viiGEOTECS - a simple computer mapping system for planning and resource inventory in Hong Kong Styles, K.A. Styles, K.A. Hansen, A. Hansen, A. 23Computer aided landuse transport environment analysis system Seetharam, K.E. Seetharam, K.E. Shibasaki, R. Shibasaki, R. Ishibashi, H. Ishibashi, H. 37Land-use and transport modelling in the Perth Metropolitan region: an integrated approach Neal, Bill Neal, Bill 49Developments in computer-aided teaching of land-use and transport planning techniques Black, J.A. Black, J.A. Ton, Tu T. Ton, Tu T. 51A computerized passenger information system for Melbourne's railway network Tong, C.O. Tong, C.O. 65Computer-based parking system for local authorities in Malaysia Wahab, Ibrahim Bin Wahab, Ibrahim Bin 77Computerized school bussing (CSB) system in Israel Mandel, Shmuel Mandel, Shmuel Finemesser, Ahura Finemesser, Ahura 89The application of GIS for urban land use planning and monitoring: a case study of low income housing development in Kuala Lumpur Yaakup, Ahirs B. Yaakup, Ahris B. Healey, Richard G. Healey, Richard G. Hughes, George C. Hughes, George C. 91Hypermedia-assisted creativity in identifying ways to shelter the homeless Dickey, John W. Dickey, John W. 93Computers, telecommunications and planning Newton, P.W. Newton, P.W. 105Integrating urban information systems and spatial models Brail, Richard K. Brail, Richard K. 107The study of microcomputer-based urban planning and management information system Cheng, Bingzhao Cheng, Bingzhao Song, Xiaodong Song, Xiaodong Lin, Changqin Lin, Changqin 119Urban planning processes and strategic information systems Worrall, L. Worrall, L. 123Computerized development feasibility models in urban policy development and density rights transfer negotiations Code, William R. Code, William R. 135Computers and statutory planning Falkiner, Timothy S. Falkiner, Timothy S. 143Planning appeals in the planning information base Lamb, Robert E. Lamb, Robert E. 145A methodology for efficiently structuring a set of activities Yim, Fun-kan, Claudia Yim, Fun-kan, Claudia Dickey, John W. Dickey, John W. 159Implementation of geographic information system technology (GIS) for use in urban planning and management Chambers, Donald D. Chambers, Donald D. 529Evaluating the impact of computers on urban planning activities Farthing, Stuart Farthing, Stuart 519The organizational and management implications of computer use in U.K. local authority planning departments Bardon, Keith S. Bardon, Keith S. 511Windows on order and chaos: the role of microcomputers in planning and management Cartwright, T.J. Cartwright, T.J. 491Emerging perspective on computer-aided planning Klosterman, Richard Klosterman, Richard 489A system dynamics model of urban land use TUDY: a computer aided education programme for urban planning at University of Tsukuba Kaji, Hideki Kaji, Hideki 469Computer graphics primer: the introduction of computer techniques in teaching planning graphics Melotte, Barrie Melotte, Barrie 467Using microcomputer-based imaging to evaluate urban design proposals Sherrill, Sam Sherrill, Sam 169Land information system in the programming and monitoring of new town development Yeh, Anthony Yeh, Anthony 171What is the next step? - training in information systems design Lindsay, John Lindsay, John 457Conditions for the effective utilisation of computers in urban planning in developing countries Masser, Ian Masser, Ian Campbell, Heather Campbell, Heather 439Use of computers in urban planning and management in Bangladesh Hossain, Hemayet Hossain, Hemayet 427SLIP: a microcomputer tool for accessibility- centrality analysis and planning in developing countries Kammeier, H. Detlef Kammeier, H. Detlef 425Applying an integrated expert system to urban management and planning Bouille, Francois Bouille, Francois 423Text animation or knowledge engineering?: two approaches to the design of urban planning expert systems Webster, Chris J. Webster, Chris J. Wislocki, Y. Wislocki, Y. Ho, C.S. Ho, C.S. 421A planner - modified expert system for strategic planning Wyatt, Ray Wyatt, Ray 419Integration of programming models and expert systems: an application to facility management and planning Han, Sang -yun Han, Sang-yun Kim, T. John Kim, T. John Adiguzel, Ilker Adiguzel, Ilker 391An expert system for forecasting roadside development Edamura, Toshiro Edamura, Toshiro Kawai, Takashi Kawai, Takashi 379Expert systems for urban and building planning and management Sharpe, Ron Sharpe, Ron Marksjo, Bertil Marksjo, Bertil Chen, Qian Chen, Qian 369GPM: geographical project monitoring Yapa, Lakshman S. Yapa, Lakshman S. Dilley, Maxx Dilley, Maxx 185Traffic planning by a 'Desktop expert' Taylor, Michael A.P. Taylor, Michael A.P. 353A decision support and expert system for retail planning Borgers, Aloys Borgers, Aloys Timmermans, Harry Timmermans, Harry 341A knowledge-based computer system for zoning Yan, Wanglin Yan, Wanglin Shimizu, Eihan Shimizu, Eihan 339The development of urban and regional information system in medium sized cities of China Cao, Guifa Cao, Guifa Hsu, Mei-ling Hsu, Mei-ling 333The application of the geotechnical data management system 'STRATA3' to urban planning Bentley, Stephen P. Bentley, Stephen P. Greenshaw, Lutaf Mark Greenshaw, Lutaf Mark Rice, Stephen M.M. Rice, Stephen M.M. 323Application of geographic information systems in an urban environment Lee, Yuk-cheung Lee, Yuk-cheung 321Value added of a geographical information system De Man, Eric W.H. De Man, Eric W.H. 315Building of micro-GIS tool and its application Wang, Zheng Wang, Zheng Ren, Fuhu Ren, Fuhu Cheng, Ji-cheng Cheng, Ji-cheng 299Planning agency experiences with automated mapping and geographic information systems French, Steven P. French, Steven P. Heffernon, Kelly M. Heffernon, Kelly M. Wiggins, Lyna L. Wiggins, Lyna L. 289The application of land information systems in planning in Western Australia Rogers, Mark B. Rogers, Mark B. 287A GKS-based microcomputer graphics package for urban and regional analysis and planning Wegener, Michael Wegener, Michael Spiekermann, Klaus Spiekermann, Klaus 205Brisbane city council digital mapping system: a major tool for urban planning and management in Brisbane Butler, John L.T. Butler, John L.T. 275Designing a digital urban topographic database for applications in urban planning and management Yeung, Albert K.W. Yeung, Albert K.W. 263How to use decomposing method of mixed pixel to renew the city's green area data bank using landsat-CCT data? Xu, Xiru Xu, Xiru Chen, Kai Chen, Kai 255Integrating remote sensing and geographic information system knowledge in an expert system for change detection Newkirk, Ross T. Newkirk, Ross T. Wang, Fangju Wang, Fangju 245Monitoring land use in the metropolitan region with remote sensing data Martin, Larry R.G. Martin, Larry R.G. Howarth, Philip J. Howarth, Philip J. Gong, Peng Gong, Peng Holder, Glenn H. Holder, Glenn H. 233Applications of micro computer based spatial analysis for urban and regional planning Simmons, Michael Simmons, Michael 231Using a microcomputer to explore relationships in information: utilising graphical and spreadsheet techniques Banister, Chris Banister, Chris 219Designing advanced spreadsheet templates for novice microcomputer users Bossard, Earl G. Bossard, Earl G. 20

From 3D Models to 3D Prints: an Overview of the Processing Pipeline

Due to the wide diffusion of 3D printing technologies, geometric algorithms for Additive Manufacturing are being invented at an impressive speed. Each single step, in particular along the Process Planning pipeline, can now count on dozens of methods that prepare the 3D model for fabrication, while analysing and optimizing geometry and machine instructions for various objectives. This report provides a classification of this huge state of the art, and elicits the relation between each single algorithm and a list of desirable objectives during Process Planning. The objectives themselves are listed and discussed, along with possible needs for tradeoffs. Additive Manufacturing technologies are broadly categorized to explicitly relate classes of devices and supported features. Finally, this report offers an analysis of the state of the art while discussing open and challenging problems from both an academic and an industrial perspective.Comment: European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; H2020-FoF-2015; RIA - Research and Innovation action; Grant agreement N. 68044

Development of a manufacturing feature-based design system

Traditional CAD systems are based on the serial approach of the product development cycle: the design process is not integrated with other activities and thus it can not provide information for subsequent phases of product development. In order to eliminate this problem, many modern CAD systems allow the composition of designs from building blocks of higher level of abstraction called features. Although features used in current systems tend to be named after manufacturing processes, they do not, in reality, provide valuable manufacturing data. Apart from the obvious disadvantage that process engineers need to re-evaluate the design and capture the intent of the designer, this approach also prohibits early detection of possible manufacturing problems. This research attempts to bring the design and manufacturing phases together by implementing manufacturing features. A design is composed entirely in a bottom-up manner using manufacturable entities in the same way as they would be produced during the manufacturing phase. Each feature consists of parameterised geometry, manufacturing information (including machine tool, cutting tools, cutting conditions, fixtures, and relative cost information), design limitations, functionality rules, and design-for-manufacture rules. The designer selects features from a hierarchical feature library. Upon insertion of a feature, the system ensures that no functionality or manufacturing rules are violated. If a feature is modified, the system validates the feature by making sure that it remains consistent with its original functionality and design-for-manufacture rules are re-applied. The system also allows analysis of designs, from a manufacturing point of view, that were not composed using features. In order to reduce the complexity of the system, design functionality and design-for manufacture rules are organised into a hierarchical system and are pointed to the appropriate entries of the feature hierarchy. The system makes it possible to avoid costly designs by eliminating possible manufacturing problems early in the product development cycle. It also makes computer-aided process planning feasible. The system is developed as an extension of a commercially available CAD/CAM system (Pro/Engineer), and at its current stage only deals with machining features. However, using the same principles, it can be expanded to cover other kinds of manufacturing processes

Virtual bloXing - assembly rapid prototyping for near net shapes

Virtual reality (VR) provides another dimension to many engineering applications. Its immersive and interactive nature allows an intuitive approach to study both cognitive activities and performance evaluation. Market competitiveness means having products meet form, fit and function quickly. Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing (RP&M) technologies are increasingly being applied to produce functional prototypes and the direct manufacturing of small components. Despite its flexibility, these systems have common drawbacks such as slow build rates, a limited number of build axes (typically one) and the need for post processing. This paper presents a Virtual Assembly Rapid Prototyping (VARP) project which involves evaluating cognitive activities in assembly tasks based on the adoption of immersive virtual reality along with a novel nonlayered rapid prototyping for near net shape (NNS) manufacturing of components. It is envisaged that this integrated project will facilitate a better understanding of design for manufacture and assembly by utilising equivalent scale digital and physical prototyping in one rapid prototyping system. The state of the art of the VARP project is also presented in this paper

Virtual assembly rapid prototyping of near net shapes

Virtual reality (VR) provides another dimension to many engineering applications. Its immersive and interactive nature allows an intuitive approach to study both cognitive activities and performance evaluation. Market competitiveness means having products meet form, fit and function quickly. Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing (RP&M) technologies are increasingly being applied to produce functional prototypes and the direct manufacturing of small components. Despite its flexibility, these systems have common drawbacks such as slow build rates, a limited number of build axes (typically one) and the need for post processing. This paper presents a Virtual Assembly Rapid Prototyping (VARP) project which involves evaluating cognitive activities in assembly tasks based on the adoption of immersive virtual reality along with a novel non-layered rapid prototyping for near net shape (NNS) manufacturing of components. It is envisaged that this integrated project will facilitate a better understanding of design for manufacture and assembly by utilising equivalent scale digital and physical prototyping in one rapid prototyping system. The state of the art of the VARP project is also presented in this paper

Shape exploration in design : formalising and supporting a transformational process

The process of sketching can support the sort of transformational thinking that is seen as essential for the interpretation and reinterpretation of ideas in innovative design. Such transformational thinking, however, is not yet well supported by computer-aided design systems. In this paper, outcomes of experimental investigations into the mechanics of sketching are described, in particular those employed by practising architects and industrial designers as they responded to a series of conceptual design tasks,. Analyses of the experimental data suggest that the interactions of designers with their sketches can be formalised according to a finite number of generalised shape rules. A set of shape rules, formalising the reinterpretation and transformations of shapes, e.g. through deformation or restructuring, are presented. These rules are suggestive of the manipulations that need to be afforded in computational tools intended to support designers in design exploration. Accordingly, the results of the experimental investigations informed the development of a prototype shape synthesis system, and a discussion is presented in which the future requirements of such systems are explored

The role of virtual reality in built environment education

This study builds upon previous research on the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) within the built environment curriculum and aims to investigate the role of VR and three-dimensional (3D) computer modelling on learning and teaching in a school of the built environment. In order to achieve this aim, a number of academic experiences were analysed to explore the applicability and viability of 3D computer modelling and VR into built environment subject areas. Although two-dimensional (2D) representations have been greatly accepted by built environment professions and education, 3D computer representations and VR applications, offering interactivity and immersiveness, are not yet widely accepted. The study attempts to understand the values and challenges of integrating visualisation technologies into built environment teaching and investigates tutors’ perceptions, opinions and concerns with respect to these technologies. The study reports on the integration process and considers how 3D computer modelling and VR technologies can combine with, and extend, the existing range of learning and teaching methods appropriate to different disciplines and programme areas

Integrated product relationships management : a model to enable concurrent product design and assembly sequence planning

The paper describes a novel approach to product relationships management in the context of concurrent engineering and product lifecycle management (PLM). Current industrial practices in product data management and manufacturing process management systems require better efficiency, flexibility, and sensitivity in managing product information at various levels of abstraction throughout its lifecycle. The aim of the proposed work is to manage vital yet complex and inherent product relationship information to enable concurrent product design and assembly sequence planning. Indeed, the definition of the product with its assembly sequence requires the management and the understanding of the numerous product relationships, ensuring consistency between the product and its components. This main objective stresses the relational design paradigm by focusing on product relationships along its lifecycle. This paper gives the detailed description of the background and models which highlight the need for a more efficient PLM approach. The proposed theoretical approach is then described in detail. A separate paper will focus on the implementation of the proposed approach in a PLM-based application, and an in-depth case study to evaluate the implementation of the novel approach will also be given

Principles for aerospace manufacturing engineering in integrated new product introduction

This article investigates the value-adding practices of Manufacturing Engineering for integrated New Product Introduction. A model representing how current practices align to support lean integration in Manufacturing Engineering has been defined. The results are used to identify a novel set of guiding principles for integrated Manufacturing Engineering. These are as follows: (1) use a data-driven process, (2) build from core capabilities, (3) develop the standard, (4) deliver through responsive processes and (5) align cross-functional and customer requirements. The investigation used a mixed-method approach. This comprises case studies to identify current practice and a survey to understand implementation in a sample of component development projects within a major aerospace manufacturer. The research contribution is an illustration of aerospace Manufacturing Engineering practices for New Product Introduction. The conclusions will be used to indicate new priorities for New Product Introduction and the cross-functional interactions to support flawless and innovative New Product Introduction. The final principles have been validated through a series of consultations with experts in the sponsoring company to ensure that correct and relevant content has been defined