232 research outputs found
A spin foam model for pure gauge theory coupled to quantum gravity
We propose a spin foam model for pure gauge fields coupled to Riemannian
quantum gravity in four dimensions. The model is formulated for the
triangulation of a four-manifold which is given merely combinatorially. The
Riemannian Barrett--Crane model provides the gravity sector of our model and
dynamically assigns geometric data to the given combinatorial triangulation.
The gauge theory sector is a lattice gauge theory living on the same
triangulation and obtains from the gravity sector the geometric information
which is required to calculate the Yang--Mills action. The model is designed so
that one obtains a continuum approximation of the gauge theory sector at an
effective level, similarly to the continuum limit of lattice gauge theory, when
the typical length scale of gravity is much smaller than the Yang--Mills scale.Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure, v2: details clarified, references adde
Frequency reassignment in cellular phone networks
In cellular communications networks, cells use beacon frequencies to ensure the smooth operation of the network, for example in handling call handovers from one cell to another. These frequencies are assigned according to a frequency plan, which is updated from time to time, in response to evolving network requirements. The migration from one frequency plan to a new one proceeds in stages, governed by the network's base station controllers. Existing methods result in periods of reduced network availability or performance during the reassgnment process.
The problem posed to the Study Group was to develop a dynamic reassignment algorithm for implementing a new frequency plan so that there is little or no disruption of the network's performance during the transition. This problem was naturally formulated in terms of graph colouring and an effective algorithm was developed based on a straightforward approach of search and random colouring
On the chromatic number of a random hypergraph
We consider the problem of -colouring a random -uniform hypergraph with
vertices and edges, where , , remain constant as tends
to infinity. Achlioptas and Naor showed that the chromatic number of a random
graph in this setting, the case , must have one of two easily computable
values as tends to infinity. We give a complete generalisation of this
result to random uniform hypergraphs.Comment: 45 pages, 2 figures, revised versio
Hyperbolic manifolds that fiber algebraically up to dimension 8
We construct some cusped finite-volume hyperbolic -manifolds that
fiber algebraically in all the dimensions . That is, there is a
surjective homomorphism with finitely generated
kernel.
The kernel is also finitely presented in the dimensions , and this
leads to the first examples of hyperbolic -manifolds whose
fundamental group is finitely presented but not of finite type. These
-manifolds have infinitely many cusps of maximal rank and
hence infinite Betti number . They cover the finite-volume manifold
.
We obtain these examples by assigning some appropriate colours and states to
a family of right-angled hyperbolic polytopes , and then
applying some arguments of Jankiewicz, Norin, Wise and Bestvina, Brady. We
exploit in an essential way the remarkable properties of the Gosset polytopes
dual to , and the algebra of integral octonions for the crucial dimensions
.Comment: 40 pages, 21 figure
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