A systematic scientific study of coptic inks from the late roman period to the middle ages

This doctoral dissertation addresses the material analysis of inks used in Egypt between the late Roman period and the Middle Ages, complementing the information provided by previous sporadic studies. It is based on the examination of 162 manuscripts produced in different areas of Egypt during the time span considered. Half of these are Coptic literary texts. Their inks are compared with those found on Coptic documentary texts and on literary and documentary texts written in Greek and Latin. This research explores the variety of types of ink used and aims at unveiling possible distribution patterns needed to lay the foundation for a geo-chronological map of the history of inks. An interdisciplinary approach involving cooperation between the humanities and the natural sciences was adopted. The PAThs project (“Tracking Papyrus and Parchment Paths: An Archaeological Atlas of Coptic Literature”) fosters the material study of inks as an integral part of the examination and description of Coptic literary codices and provided a historical dimension for many of the manuscripts that were analysed. The BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Berlin) and the CSMC (Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures, University of Hamburg) granted the use of non-invasive techniques and portable equipment to facilitate access to museums and libraries located in England, Germany, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Manuscripts were examined using near-infrared reflectography, X-ray fluorescence and occasionally other spectroscopic techniques. The results show the contemporaneous use of different types of ink. No correlation is observed between the writing medium and the support or the language. However, there is a strong association of iron-gall ink with literary texts whereas contemporaneous documentary texts were written predominantly with carbon ink. In addition, the results obtained on some of the medieval literary codices suggest the existence of regional trends in the chemical composition of iron-gall inks produced within a relatively short period. Mixed inks seem to have been used frequently in the period investigated. However, they could not be unequivocally identified using the current protocol. This dissertation suggests and discusses possible solutions to overcome the restrictions encountered. The present work shows that the different types of ink used in Egypt between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages could be exploited as a foundation to develop a geo-chronological map describing the evolution of inks. To serve this purpose, the current analytical protocol should be broadened to include techniques that allow for a routine identification of the organic ingredients of inks. In addition, data should be complemented with the analysis of a substantial number of dated and located manuscripts

Visual analytics of Hebrew manuscripts codicological metadata

This paper presents the CodicoDaViz research project, developed with the goal of applying data visualisation techniques to the field of codicology. Adding to the multidisciplinary nature of digital humanities (DH), this project brings together a group of experts of DH, business intelligence and computer science. Using Hebrew manuscript data as a starting point, CodicoDaViz proposes an environment for exploratory analysis to be used by Humanities experts to deepen their understanding of codicological data, and to formulate new research hypotheses. In this paper we demonstrate how data visualisation was instrumental in understanding and structuring the dataset. Examples of the dashboards that have been designed (in Tableau) to enable an interactive and ad-hoc exploration of data are also discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Memories and the everyday: An ethnography of a Polish-Egyptian family

This thesis is premised on autoethnographic research in mapping and tracing the social. The thesis suggests and explores the elements of the past playing a role in the construction of the subject throughout the everyday, allowing for various ways for creating oneself and reassembling one’s paths. The thesis reflects on the workings of memory and constructions of narratives in creating the social. My case study is my family, which is a Polish-Egyptian family. The main concepts in my autoethnography center around the issues connected to the intertwined relation between the past, present and future, the everyday, and subject formation. Through these main concepts, I analyze the following: remembrance, constellations, sites of memory, commemorations, the power of naming, and categories of identification. Research materials and sources include oral histories, letters, photographs, notebooks, newspaper articles and clippings, through which the past is reconstructed in the present, offering ways for understanding the present. Throughout my autoethnography, I move between storytelling and theory, blending the two together. My thesis is about connections and ways of reassembling the social as well as capturing its fluidity. Hence, my writing reflects these fluid connections, setting them all in dialogue, through moving along the past and present, memories, (im)material traces, theories and fieldwork, the public and private spheres, as well as myself as both researcher and subject

Comparative Performance of Data Mining Techniques for Cyberbullying Detection of Arabic Social Media Text

Cyberbullying has spread like a virus on social media platforms and is getting out of control. According to psychological studies on the subject, the victims are increasingly suffering, sometimes to the point of committing suicide among the victims. The issue of cyberbullying on social media is spreading around the world. Social media use is growing, and it can have useful and negative implications when you take into account how social media platforms are abused through different forms of cyberbullying. Although there is a lot of cyberbullying detection in English, there are few studies in the Arabic language. Data Mining techniques are often used to solve and detect this problem. In this study, different data mining algorithms were used to detect cyberbullying in Arabic texts.. Our study was conducted The Bullying datasets consisted of 26,000 comments written in Arabic and were collected from kaggle.com, the Cyber_2021 dataset consisted of 13,247 comments collected via github.com, and the Data 2022 dataset consisted of 47,224 comments collected via Instagram. Various extraction features CountVectorizer and Tf-Idf were used Accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1 score were used to evaluate classifier performance. In the study, Bagging Classifier achieve high results of Bullying dataset from Kaggle Accuracy 96.04, F1-Score 95.98, Recall 96.04, Precision 95.95, SVC model gave the highest results of  Cyber_2021 dataset from Github an Accuracy 98.49, F1-Score 98.49, Recall 98.49, Precision 98.50, while Data 2022 dataset from (Instagram) achieving an Accuracy of 77.51, F1-Score 76.60, Recall 77.51, and Precision 77.24. Were achieved for Tf-Idf Vectorizer. Tf-Idf  Vectorizer the best to all results than count Vectorizer

Special Libraries, December 1975

Volume 66, Issue 12https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1975/1009/thumbnail.jp