A Low Complexity Scheme for Entanglement Distributor Buses

For technological purposes and theoretical curiosity, it is very interesting to have a building block that produces a considerable amount of entanglement between on-demand sites through a simple control of a few sites. Here, we consider permanently-coupled spin networks and study entanglement generation between qubit pairs to find low-complexity structures capable of generating considerable entanglement between various qubit pairs. We find that in axially symmetric networks the generated entanglement between some qubit pairs is rather larger than generic networks. We show that in uniformly-coupled spin rings each pair can be considerably entangled through controlling suitable vertices. To set the location of controlling-vertices, we observe that the symmetry has to be broken for a definite time. To achieve this, a magnetic flux can be applied to break symmetry via Aharonov-Bohm effect. Such a set up can serve as an efficient entanglement distributor bus in which each vertex-pair can be efficiently entangled through exciting only one fixed vertex and controlling the evolution time. The low-complexity of this scheme makes it attractive for use in nanoscale quantum information processors.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures, Major revision, title changed, published versio

The role of Helsinki contemporary art biennial in placemaking and city branding : an interdisciplinary study on the establishment of a new cultural event

In current city policies, cultural events take part in urban, social and economic development contributing in place making and city branding. This master thesis examines the role of the forthcoming Helsinki contemporary art biennial within the city strategies to fulfill social, economic and environmentally sustainable development. The vision of the city of Helsinki is to be the world’s most functional city, creating the best conditions for residents and visitors as well as an attractive knowledge hub for companies and individuals. The potential of achieving some of the strategies’ objectives through the contemporary art biennial is analyzed through interviews with experts of Helsinki Art Museum and benchmarking the city of Helsinki with other long-term biennial cities, specifically, Venice, Berlin and Liverpool. For the benchmarking, it has been used data provided by the European Commission’s on line platform “Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor”. Helsinki biennial takes part in the place-making, city branding as well as in the strategic plan for the city. Overall, the event is efficiently related to most of the objectives of the city strategies, of which the maritime strategy, the project for youth social inclusion, exercise and mobility, health and welfare promotion. The convergent outputs of the analysis of Helsinki provided positive scenarios on the creation of new jobs within the creative economy and revealed that human capital and education sectors might undertake a significant increase. Yet, a broad overview on the strategies for the city of Helsinki 2017-2021 revealed contrasting aspects within the sustainable development principles. The new jobs created through the maritime strategy seem not completely fulfill the ambitious aims of the city strategies to create new captivating jobs through new companies and startups. Furthermore, in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change, environmentally sustainable alternatives for the Biennial in the island of Vallisaari should be carefully considered

Space station automation of common module power management and distribution

The purpose is to automate a breadboard level Power Management and Distribution (PMAD) system which possesses many functional characteristics of a specified Space Station power system. The automation system was built upon 20 kHz ac source with redundancy of the power buses. There are two power distribution control units which furnish power to six load centers which in turn enable load circuits based upon a system generated schedule. The progress in building this specified autonomous system is described. Automation of Space Station Module PMAD was accomplished by segmenting the complete task in the following four independent tasks: (1) develop a detailed approach for PMAD automation; (2) define the software and hardware elements of automation; (3) develop the automation system for the PMAD breadboard; and (4) select an appropriate host processing environment

Detectores cuánticos y correlaciones de vacío en espacio y tiempo: resultados teóricos y propuestas de simulación

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Departamento de Física Teórica I, leída el 27/11/2014Depto. de Física TeóricaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEunpu

SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT: THE ISSUE OF EQUITY IN THE EMERGING BRIC COUNTRIES

Although sustainable frameworks for transportation have been widely discussed in the transportation planning field in recent decades, the issue of equity in transportation systems is still relatively unexplored in comparison to the other pillars of sustainability. Globally, the concept of equity gains different nuances in developed and developing countries, and have yet new implications when considering fast emerging nations. The objective of this paper is to investigate how transit policies in fast emerging economies are used to distribute equitable access to benefits and opportunities; and to derive lessons that can orient future cohorts of emerging cities and countries to use transit as means to provide equitable improvements in accessibility. Brazil, Russia, India and China (the BRIC countries) have been treated as a unit since the turn of the millennium when economic analysts noticed similar patterns of extraordinary productivity and growth, and are the forerunners of a group of nations expected to become major economic actors on the global stage in a few decades. Case studies on the most populous and prominent metropolises of the BRIC countries were conducted, exploring three aspects of transit systems as they impact equity: system ownership and planning processes; mode predominance and choices; and fare structures and collection methods. Sao Paulo, Moscow, Mumbai and Shanghai were selected as case studies subjects because of their location in those fast emerging nations and because of their status as recognized global cities. This investigation revealed emerging nations are trying to equip their transit systems to deal with the pressures of growing population size and density, rising incomes, increasing rates of private automobile ownership and sprawling land use patterns. In order to cope with this new and fast changing environment, subjects sought to engage in long-range transportation planning, partnered with private entities for the provision of capital investment or operations, acted to strengthen (or implement) heavy rail as the anchor-mode, and moved towards automated fare collection methods. Lessons derived from these cities will serve to provide guidelines to equitable transit programs in fast emerging cities across the developed world that facing similar pressures, and to orient future research towards more complete economic efficiency evaluations of transit systems in emerging countries

Business and contested authority in Colombia, 1996-2016

Businesses are prominent actors in areas of contested authority, yet they respond in varied ways to its challenges, from seizing expansion opportunities, negotiating with armed groups, working with state armed forces, or leaving altogether. What are the conditions that affect businesses in areas of contested authority, how do they respond, and what security outcomes do they experience? I argue protection quality – whether protection is reliable and affordable – and business power – a business’s capacity to deploy financial or political resources – are the key conditions that affect business security outcomes in areas of contested authority. Businesses respond through three pathways: they pursue accommodation by passively absorbing the costs of insecurity, they use voice to influence coercive actors to gain better protection, or they choose to exit by closing their business, seeking alternative protectors, or leaving altogether. The underlying conditions create four distinct security outcomes: coexistence, entanglement, survival, and victimisation. I present a series of cases across Antioquia and Valle del Cauca in Colombia from 1996-2016, comparing the conditions, responses and outcomes for agricultural firms, capital-intensive enterprises, neighbourhood shopkeepers, and mining companies. When protection quality and business power are high, businesses maintained a state of coexistence with coercive actors. When business power is high, yet protection quality is low, businesses experience entanglement with coercive actors. When protection quality is good, but businesses have less power, they experience survival, and when businesses have low power and poor protection, they experience victimisation. I draw from interviews with businesspeople, business association officials, journalists and observers gathered over the course of fieldwork in 2019, supplemented by newspaper articles, court documents, government data, and secondary sources

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022 is a creative-commons ebook that provides a unique 360 degrees overview of quantum technologies from science and technology to geopolitical and societal issues. It covers quantum physics history, quantum physics 101, gate-based quantum computing, quantum computing engineering (including quantum error corrections and quantum computing energetics), quantum computing hardware (all qubit types, including quantum annealing and quantum simulation paradigms, history, science, research, implementation and vendors), quantum enabling technologies (cryogenics, control electronics, photonics, components fabs, raw materials), quantum computing algorithms, software development tools and use cases, unconventional computing (potential alternatives to quantum and classical computing), quantum telecommunications and cryptography, quantum sensing, quantum technologies around the world, quantum technologies societal impact and even quantum fake sciences. The main audience are computer science engineers, developers and IT specialists as well as quantum scientists and students who want to acquire a global view of how quantum technologies work, and particularly quantum computing. This version is an extensive update to the 2021 edition published in October 2021.Comment: 1132 pages, 920 figures, Letter forma

The adoption of share-based compensation for executives in large German companies : the Americanisation of German executive pay?

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Revving up for the future: an inductive power transfer system geared for vehicular applications

Energized by the prospect of decluttering the charging infrastructure by severing the bulky power cords used to charge an Electric Vehicle (EV), an innovative technique to wirelessly charge an EV battery known as Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) has garnered widespread acceptance. This thesis introduces the design of an integrated stationary IPT system with an optimized power control algorithm and efficiency maximization to transfer power from a transmitter pad positioned on the ground and the receiver pad embedded under the chassis of an EV. Magnetic analysis for the charging coil architecture is facilitated via simulations in Ansys Maxwell. The power electronics design focuses on implementation of an H-bridge converter incorporating Series-Series (SS) compensation topology to utilize a novel control algorithm to prioritize battery charging operation. The system is validated through a simulation model in PSIM and a hardware-in-the-loop simulation in Typhoon HIL before hardware implementation and testing of the developed prototype