A hydrodynamic stress model for simulating turbulence/particle interactions with immersed boundary methods

In this work we propose a hydrodynamic stress model that accurately reconstructs the forces on an immersed body, with application to the simulation of turbulence interacting with finite-size particles of arbitrary shape. The proposed model is local and is based on the boundary layer approximation, where the effects of surface curvature on the pressure variation are accounted for. Numerical experiments show that the model requires about one or two grid points within the boundary layer to accurately reconstruct the hydrodynamic force distribution. This reduces significantly the cost of resolving the flow field around the particles. The accuracy of the proposed model is evaluated in a variety of flows with increasing complexity. In particular, results for the flows over stationary and oscillating circular cylinders, free falling cylinders and spheres, and the interaction of turbulence with spheres and ellipsoids will be presented. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved