61,744 research outputs found
Comparative Advertising in the Global Marketplace: The Effects of Cultural Orientation on Communication
This research examined the efficacy of one type of communication strategy, comparative advertising, in communicating product superiority to consumers across different cultures. In individualist cultures such as the United States, comparative advertising that highlights the superiority of the target brand is seen as more effective. However, in collectivist cultures such as Thailand, comparative advertising that highlights the similarity between brands is more likely to be effective. In addition, comparative advertising was more believable for unfamiliar brands in individualist cultures whereas comparison for familiar brands was more believable in collectivist cultures.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/39712/3/wp328.pd
The nature of the animacy organization in human ventral temporal cortex
The principles underlying the animacy organization of the ventral temporal
cortex (VTC) remain hotly debated, with recent evidence pointing to an animacy
continuum rather than a dichotomy. What drives this continuum? According to the
visual categorization hypothesis, the continuum reflects the degree to which
animals contain animal-diagnostic features. By contrast, the agency hypothesis
posits that the continuum reflects the degree to which animals are perceived as
(social) agents. Here, we tested both hypotheses with a stimulus set in which
visual categorizability and agency were dissociated based on representations in
convolutional neural networks and behavioral experiments. Using fMRI, we found
that visual categorizability and agency explained independent components of the
animacy continuum in VTC. Modeled together, they fully explained the animacy
continuum. Finally, clusters explained by visual categorizability were
localized posterior to clusters explained by agency. These results show that
multiple organizing principles, including agency, underlie the animacy
continuum in VTC.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, code+data at -
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VXWG9 Update - added supplementary results
and edited abstrac
Replacing the Irreplaceable: Fast Algorithms for Team Member Recommendation
In this paper, we study the problem of Team Member Replacement: given a team
of people embedded in a social network working on the same task, find a good
candidate who can fit in the team after one team member becomes unavailable. We
conjecture that a good team member replacement should have good skill matching
as well as good structure matching. We formulate this problem using the concept
of graph kernel. To tackle the computational challenges, we propose a family of
fast algorithms by (a) designing effective pruning strategies, and (b)
exploring the smoothness between the existing and the new team structures. We
conduct extensive experimental evaluations on real world datasets to
demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency. Our algorithms (a) perform
significantly better than the alternative choices in terms of both precision
and recall; and (b) scale sub-linearly.Comment: Initially submitted to KDD 201
Recognition without identification, erroneous familiarity, and déjà vu
Déjà vu is characterized by the recognition of a situation concurrent with the awareness that this recognition is inappropriate. Although forms of déjà vu resolve in favor of the inappropriate recognition and therefore have behavioral consequences, typical déjà vu experiences resolve in favor of the awareness that the sensation of recognition is inappropriate. The resultant lack of behavioral modification associated with typical déjà vu means that clinicians and experimenters rely heavily on self-report when observing the experience. In this review, we focus on recent déjà vu research. We consider issues facing neuropsychological, neuroscientific, and cognitive experimental frameworks attempting to explore and experimentally generate the experience. In doing this, we suggest the need for more experimentation and amore cautious interpretation of research findings, particularly as many techniques being used to explore déjà vu are in the early stages of development.PostprintPeer reviewe
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