An Integrative Model of Consumer Trust in Internet Shopping

Despite the phenomenal growth of Internet users, the penetration rate of Internet shopping remains low. Previous works suggesting that the lack of trust is the major impediment stops consumers from building exchange relationships with Internet vendors. In this study, we synthesize the three theoretical perspectives of trust and perceived risk theory to develop an integrative model of consumer trust in Internet shopping. We empirically test the research model with a sample of 405 students in a local university. The results show that both perceived integrity and perceived risk have the greatest influence on consumer trust in Internet shopping. Propensity to trust exhibits a significant moderating effect on consumer trust and its antecedents. The implications of this study are noteworthy for both researchers and practitioners

What is preventing e-commerce from reaching its full potential? An investigation into trust as a barrier for the adoption of B2C e-commerce in the United Kingdom

Although electronic commerce has seen considerable growth in recent years, usage figures suggest that U.K consumers are still hesitant to make the switch to onJine shopping. This study initially reviewed the literatures on trust, Internet security, consumer purchasing behaviour and electronic commerce, and then combined the literature review findings with initial results obtained from a pilot study, and a model identifying the factors that affect consumers' perceived trustworthiness of web sites when making purchasing decisions on the Internet was created. The model was then tested by means of a consumer perception survey that used a novel quantitative survey instrument to investigate current consumer perceptions of e-commerce, from the perspective of both Internet and Non Internet users, and determined the main barrier to business to consumer (B2C) electronic commerce as identified by the potential consumers themselves. These quantitative findings were then used to further develop the model of trust, encompassing all the potential factors that the research identified could impact on a consumer's perceived level of trust in a web site, thus ultimately affecting their decision to purchase. This model was then tested through further qualitative research that incorporated observational studies to test consumer reactions to an onJine shopping scenario, using a special selection of web sites that should have (based on the model) a positive or negative influence on consumers' trust. Although the research design was qualitative in nature, a triangulation approach was adopted to ensure that the information generated was highly relevant and directly applicable to the creation of a model of trust. The model was revised, with the final version named the Model of Factors Affecting Consumer Trust Online (M.O.F.A.C.T.O). The implications of the model and recommendations for further research are discussed

Consumers Trust in Online Shopping: The Case of Singapore

The emergences of the Internet and World Wide Web have changed the way businesses ply their trades. Many organizations now have established an online presence, particularly businesses that provide products or services directly to consumers, the so-called business-to-consumer (B2C) e-business. Trust is an important component for the continued viability and success of online businesses, as unlike traditional businesses, consumers do not have physical contact with the products to evaluate their suitability and quality. In this paper, we adopt the trust model constructed by Lee and Turban [7] to study how the drivers of trust in B2C e-commerce would affect the level of trust consumers have in online shopping in Singapore. We will also investigate if there are any moderating effects due to consumer’ trust propensity on the relationship between each trust driver and consumer trust in online shopping. Our results show that most of the trust drivers identified by Lee and Turban have a positive effect on the level of trust on online shopping and trust propensity also has a moderating effect on the relationship between the trust drivers and consumers’ trust in online shopping

Trust in Electronic Commerce: A New Model for Building Online Trust in B2C

The rapid growth in the electronic commerce over the internet has fuelled predictions and speculations about what makes a business to consumer (B2C) web site effective. Increasing use of the World Wide Web as a B2C commercial tool raises interest in understanding the key issues in building relationships with customers on the internet. Trust is believed to be the key to these relationships. In this paper, an overall model has presented for building online trust in this context. This model outlines some of the key factors that are related in this area and suggests a framework based on these factors. With respect to the position and importance of the trust in online commerce, this model helps businesses in order to capture, sustain and construct long-term relationships with their consumers.               Keywords: E-Trust, Reverse engineering, Business-consumer web sites, online shopping, Web desig

FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEDIAAN BERBELANJA SECARA ONLINE PADA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR (SD) KABUPATEN BANTUL

The Internet is an electronic means, which can be used for various activities, such as: communication, research, or other business transactions. Internet technology connects thousands of individual computer networks and organizations, worldwide. There are at least six reasons why internet technology is so popular. The six reasons are: the internet has wide connectivity and range, can reduce communication costs, lower transaction costs, can reduce agency costs, interactive, flexible, easy, and have the ability to distribute knowledge more quickly. Online shopping is more interesting with the ever-expanding Internet deployment, at this time. The study looked at whether: risk factors, benefit perceptions, perceptions of ease of use, and reputation perceptions affect consumer confidence in online shopping, as well as to know whether trust affects the willingness to shop online. Population and sample research, is elementary school teacher (SD) in Bantul regency. Data analysis in this research is done by SEM (Structural Equation Model). Respondents were 150 respondents. Perceptions of social trust, perception of benefits, perceptions of ease of use have a positive effect on trust. Risk perception has a negative relationship to trust. Perception of reputation has no positive effect on trust. Trust positively affects the willingness to buy online

Viewing generic prescription medicines in Australia - a consumers' perspective

This paper investigates consumer perception on generic medicines in Australia. Specifically, it examines how consumer concern and consumer knowledge about counterfeit medicines influence attitudes towards generic prescription medicine and willingness to pay more for branded prescription medicines. A research model is developed together with an agenda of nine hypotheses that contain consumer concern, consumer knowledge, attitude towards PGM, willingness to pay more for branded PM, consumer trust in internet shopping, and likelihood not to purchase PGM from legitimate drug store or Internet. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) is used to explain the results based on the proposed research model in this study. Mail surveys are implemented to reach mature age population as the segment of the sample. Other relationship within the model and a number of implications for businesses will be discussed, suggestions for future research are reviewed and the main contributions of the study will also be delineated

The adoption of internet shopping for travel services

The study explores consumers' adoption of Internet shopping in the context of UK travel services. The key objective is to identify the profile of Internet shoppers and the antecedents of Internet shopping adoption for travel services. The study proposes a model for the prediction of Internet shopping adoption, drawing upon Davis' (1989) Technology Acceptance Model with the inclusion of individual characteristics, perceived risk and trust. The model identifies the structural relationships among the eight constructs (i.e. perceived usefulness, perceived ease-of-use, innovativeness, involvement, opinion leadership, perceived risk, trust and adoption), which were examined through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS. The study employs a multi-methodology approach, which involves focus group discussions at the exploratory stage and a questionnaire survey in the data collection stage. The final survey was of a screened sample of 500 respondents who had purchased travel services online. A total of 299 qualified respondents from all over the UK completed the online survey. The descriptive results present a profile of travel e-shoppers in terms of demographic, geodemographic and buying patterns. The SEM tested the hypothesised relationships among the constructs, as postulated in the model. Nine of the hypothesised links were supported and six were rejected. Eventually, a robust model that has statistical and explanatory power was confirmed. The results explicitly clarified several key contributions to marketing theory and for the travel and tourism industry. For example, it was demonstrated that perceived usefulness is the key determinant of Internet shopping adoption decisions. Also, consumer innovativeness is the key influence on Internet shopping adoption at the personal level, followed by consumer involvement in the shopping process. The study also reveals three new relationships, between opinion leadership and perceived ease-of-use, consumer involvement and ease-of-use and consumer innovativeness and trust, which have not been examined empirically by previous research. By identifying the primary drivers of Internet shopping adoption for travel services, the study contributes to and extends the understanding of the Internet as a medium for commercial use in the B2C arena as well as expanding the literature on new technology adoption

A comprehensive structural model of factors affecting online consumer travel purchasing

The purpose of this research was to develop a comprehensive model to study consumers\u27 online purchase intention of travel products. Related literature reviews suggested antecedents of consumers\u27 online purchase intention including EC travel web site design, past purchase experience, consumer trust, consumer\u27s attitudes toward online shopping of travel products; The model was developed by integrating one existing theoretical model (Shim\u27s Online Pre-purchase Intentions Model) with several important factors which were guided by theories: (1) social cognitive theory, (2) self-efficacy theory, (3) theory of planned behavior (TPB), (4) attitude-behavior consistency theory, (5) theory of consumer trust, and (6) communication theory. As a prior attempt to integrate these theories in the context of hospitality industry, the scope of this study was limited to empirically test the model with data collected from leisure travelers in United States. The study proposed seven hypotheses. The data was collected via Internet survey. A structural equation modeling analysis revealed that six hypotheses hold true in this study; The overall results indicated that the Theory of Planned Behavior, attitude-behavior consistency theory, theory of consumer trust, and communication theory provide a good understanding those factors. The results revealed a strong support for the importance of designing a travel Web site. In consumers\u27 perspective, a good travel Web site should provide consumers with detailed, timely, and accurate information, reliable system operation, and excellent service quality. A well design e-travel agency can significantly influence consumers\u27 attitude, purchase experience, consumer trust, and online purchase intention. The findings also showed the significance of managing consumers\u27 attitude by creating convenience perception, good merchant image, and value perception in consumers\u27 mind. The importance of previous online shopping experience illustrates the strategic point of turning existing online consumers into repeat customers by providing them with satisfying online shopping experience. Although there is one contradicting finding in the hypotheses, this study still provided a more comprehensive model to explore consumers\u27 online purchase intention of travel products; Future researchers can use result of this study to create a new model to explore customer\u27s repurchase intention and to develop an effective consumer loyalty program

FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER ATTITUDES TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING (STUDY CASE OF LAZADA.CO.ID)

Information technology has developed rapidly where its development cannot be avoided. The result of this development such as the internet, not only can help our daily life becomes more modern or easier, the business world is also helped with the result of this development. The existence of internet itself and its related technologies affects the business world greatly where they have changed the concept of traditional commerce into electronic commerce or e-commerce. The growth of Indonesia e-commerce is high, but despite the high growth of e-commer, the internet penetration and online shopping penetration is not as expected and the pace at which taking advatage of the only shopping still falls somewhat behind expectations. All this lags are because of consumers still do not find online shopping irresistible or the attitude towards the online shopping is not in a favorable way. And even though the indonesian consumer attitudes towards online shopping is negative or not in favorable manner, it is reversed if compared with Lazada Indonesia where consumer attitudes towards them is already positive or in favorable manner. The objective of this research is to analyze factors in an integrated model which involves Perceived Web Quality, Perceived Benefits, eWOM, Trust, and Online Shopping Attitudes. This research used data from 400 samples of respondents who live in Indonesia that have done a purchasement at lazada.co.id website. The samples are collected by giving online questionnaires with 21 question items from 5 constructs.Structural Equation Modelin (SEM) is used as analyzing tool to test the hypotheses and using SmartPLS 3.0 as the statistic software to conduct the calculations. The result of this research is shown that all the hypotheses of is supported. There are 3 factors that influence consumers online shopping attitudes which are Perceived Web Quality, Perceived Benefits, and Trust. The result also shows that this model can be used to predict Consumers online hopping attitude towards lazada.co.id moderately where the R2 is 56,4%. By understanding this, lazada.co.id can create an online shop that is line with variables that determine positive consumers online shopping attitude. This research has found that the most significant factor from this model that influences the consumers online shopping attitudes towards lazada.co.id is Perceived Web Quality. This means that lazada.co.id should focus on maintaining and improving the overall quality and performance of their website to product more positive and favorable attitude of consumers towards their online shopping. For further research because the model is able to moderately predict the consumer online shopping attitudes, another variables that influence the model may be added and it is expected be able encouraged to focus on application based online shopping to understand app users online shopping attitude. Keywords: lazada, online shopping attitudes, perceived web quality,indonesi

Creation of a Conceptual Model for Adoption of Mobile Apps for Shopping from E-Commerce Sites–An Indian Context

The changing marketing landscape has seen the advent and adoption of new tools like shopping apps for consumers. The conventional models which have studied Information Technology (IT) acceptance and adoption by consumers have found that adoption is a function of perceived usefulness and ease of usage. Other models have emphasised Quality, Enjoyment and Trust as significant determinants of the adoption of IT by consumers. Evolution in IT, changing consumer habits, changing demographics and consumer traits make it imperative to rethink pre-existing theories of acceptance and adoption of IT in the context of e-marketing. This paper focuses on the growth of the usage of Apps by consumers in India, explores their functionalities and proposes a new conceptual model for the adoption of Mobile Apps by consumers shopping on e-commerce sites in India. Convenience, Collaboration, Hedonic Motivation, and Habit are the significant constructs outlined in the proposed model, which focuses on the usage of apps in the wake of task directed and experiential consumer behaviour. We propose that Degree of Internet Savviness and Individual Internet Worth are additional moderating variables which impact the effect of convenience and collaboration on App Usage. Implications of the proposed model for research and practice are discussed