A Translation from Logic to English with Dynamic Semantics

We present a procedure for translating standard predicate logic into English. The procedure generates both referring expressions and non-referring expressions, including both referential and bound variable anaphora. Non-referring expressions correspond to short-term discourse referents [1], which present a special set of challenges for a natural language generation system: (i) they have limited ‘lifespans’ and (ii) the determiner with which they are introduced (every, some, any, no) is sensitive to the logical context. Our system addresses these challenges using dynamically updated information states