19 research outputs found
Collecticiels : Neuf Degrés de Couplage
National audienceCet article porte sur le couplage des activités collaboratives et vise à étendre sa définition existante à travers une démarche expérimentale et exploratoire. En effet, nous faisons l'hypothèse que le couplage est caractérisé par neufs degrés répartis dans un espace à deux dimensions. Pour cela, nous adoptons le point de vue de la multimodalité pour aborder cette notion pour des systèmes interactifs multiutilisateurs. Aussi, nous avons développé deux applications, dont l'une est détaillée dans cet article, pour mener nos expérimentations afin de mettre en évidence l'existence de ces neufs degrés. Cette première phase expérimentale semble confirmer une partie de nos hypthèses
Computer-Supported Collaborative Production
This paper proposes the concept of collaborative production as a focus of concern within the general area of collaborative work. We position the concept with respect to McGrath's framework for small group dynamics and the more familiar collaboration processes of awareness, coordination, and communication (McGrath 1991). After reviewing research issues and computer-based support for these interacting aspects of collaboration, we turn to a discussion of implications for how to design improved support for collaborative production. We illustrate both the challenges of collaborative production and our design implications with a collaborative map-updating scenario drawn from the work domain of geographical information systems
Die NetAcademy als Medium für die Learning Community eines Masterprogramms an der Universität St. Gallen
Aus der Einleitung:
'Seit einiger Zeit erfährt der Begriff „Community“ wieder eine starke Verbreitung, nicht zuletzt aufgrund der explosionsartigen Verbreitung des Internets und dessen Akzeptanz. Auch im Bereich Aus- und Weiterbildung tragen neue Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien zu Veränderungen bei. Wissen kann schneller, effizienter und in einer global zugänglichen Form gesammelt, generiert, geteilt sowie verteilt werden. Neue Formen des Lernens und des Lehrens etablieren sich. Das Konzept der „Learning Communities“, die basierend auf einer Internet-Plattform auch eine „Virtuelle Gemeinschaft“ charakterisieren können, stellt dabei ein neuer Ansatz dar
Inside outsourcing: A grounded theory of relationship formation within a nascent service system
The theory of relationship formation developed in this study tells a coherent story about the relational work of service initiation in technology outsourcing. The study is focused on the contractually defined period of time at the beginning of outsourcing service delivery. As with a play-within-a-play, this work goes on primarily behind the scenes, away from the concurrent task of launching the inter-firm relationship between the client and the provider that will extend for the term of the full contract. This grounded theory study was completed over an eight-month period. The findings are grounded in interviews with 25 individuals who were actively involved in the work of service initiation. Additionally, data sources included extensive observation and access to documents and other artifacts. Data analysis was completed with the analytic processes of dimensional and situational analysis. The situational analysis describes five continuously shifting aspects of the situation that create the context, or supporting structure, for relationship formation. The dimensional analysis builds from the situational analysis to describe four deeply interrelated dimensions: (1) Helping, (2) Veiling / unVeiling, (3) Having Expectation, and (4) Responding to Turbulence. The study then presents a conceptual model of a grounded theory of relationship. It is through the enactment of this total model that relationship formation can be recognized as a vehicle for accomplishing work. An understanding that relationship formation depends on a way of recognizing and honoring the power of relationships and the role they play in supporting the everyday tasks of service initiation emerged from this work. As a result, this study does not strive to define relationship as one thing or even a group of things. Instead, it proposes a conceptual model through which relationships are formed and can be recognized as such. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible at the OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu
Inside outsourcing: A grounded theory of relationship formation within a nascent service system
The theory of relationship formation developed in this study tells a coherent story about the relational work of service initiation in technology outsourcing. The study is focused on the contractually defined period of time at the beginning of outsourcing service delivery. As with a play-within-a-play, this work goes on primarily behind the scenes, away from the concurrent task of launching the inter-firm relationship between the client and the provider that will extend for the term of the full contract. This grounded theory study was completed over an eight-month period. The findings are grounded in interviews with 25 individuals who were actively involved in the work of service initiation. Additionally, data sources included extensive observation and access to documents and other artifacts. Data analysis was completed with the analytic processes of dimensional and situational analysis. The situational analysis describes five continuously shifting aspects of the situation that create the context, or supporting structure, for relationship formation. The dimensional analysis builds from the situational analysis to describe four deeply interrelated dimensions: (1) Helping, (2) Veiling / unVeiling, (3) Having Expectation, and (4) Responding to Turbulence. The study then presents a conceptual model of a grounded theory of relationship. It is through the enactment of this total model that relationship formation can be recognized as a vehicle for accomplishing work. An understanding that relationship formation depends on a way of recognizing and honoring the power of relationships and the role they play in supporting the everyday tasks of service initiation emerged from this work. As a result, this study does not strive to define relationship as one thing or even a group of things. Instead, it proposes a conceptual model through which relationships are formed and can be recognized as such. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible at the OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu
Knowledge management solutions and selection tool for engineering organisations
It is widely accepted that engineering research, design, development and manufacturing
processes are highly reliant upon the valuable knowledge, experiences and skills stored
within the company's systems, processes, documents and employees. If these key
knowledge resources can be identified, maintained and efficiently controlled, prior
successes and failures can be capitalised upon, best practices can be captured and
transferred and new solutions can be developed with minimal duplication of efforts and
without unnecessary replication of prior work.
Away from manufacturing and engineering organisations, in the broader business world,
exists an array of solutions, tools and techniques developed specifically to facilitate the
management of knowledge and experience these are collectively labelled as Knowledge
Management (KM) tools and solutions. Such solutions, tools and techniques have
achieved widespread recognition for their capabilities and consequent importance in
enhancing processes across a variety of business applications and contexts. However
their relevancy, applicability and relative merits in particular manufacturing and
mechanical engineering (MME) contexts have generally not been identified or
investigated.
This thesis reviews and presents a large number of diverse KM solutions and
implementations across industries and organisations and creates a new and unique
single KM solutions space in which these solutions are characterised. The KM solution
space is subsequently utilised by a new KM methodology and support tool that
facilitates and demonstrates the enhancement of mechanical and manufacturing
engineering processes through analysis followed by selection and implementation of the
most appropriate existing KM solutions. The KM Tool is demonstrated via three
industrial case studies detailing the process concerns and associated improvements
identified and implemented.
The KM Solution Space developed during this research has shown that there is
significant opportunity to improve mechanical and manufacturing engineering processes
through the adoption of appropriate KM solutions from the broader business world. The
KM Tool developed via this research facilitates this identification and adoption of the
most appropriate KM solution. In addition to the MME processes covered by the scope
of this research there is additional scope to extend the use of the KM Tool and KM
Solution Space to other business areas that have not yet had extensive exposure to KM
Supporting Participation Through Live Media
Throughout the past century, live media has grown to play a significant role in how we experience
the world. Live media connects people in real-time with events happening around the
world and helps people establish shared social realities. Recent live forms enabled by the internet
are shifting the paradigm away from just passively watching to actively participating. This
has significant implications for how we engage in critical aspects of society, including education,
politics, work, play, and everyday life. In this work, we focus on understanding emerging live
media phenomena and designing new forms to support participation. We do this through two core
approaches: qualitative investigations and live media probes.
To build an understanding of practice and communities, we conduct qualitative investigations
of two situated live media contexts: the video game live streaming site Twitch and massive open
online courses (MOOCs). Using Marshall McLuhan’s concept of hot and cool media, we explore
how live streaming as a medium affords building these online communities through participation
in shared experiences.
Building on these findings, we design, deploy, and evaluate live media probes. These probes
implement new forms of live media, with the goal of eliciting new forms of live experience and
participation. We first design Rivulet, a live media probe supporting new participatory modalities
and multiple simultaneous live streams. Through our investigation of Rivulet, we discover how,
by incorporating new modalities, we can support higher-impact forms of participation in live experiences.
Next, we design Collaborative Live Media Curation (CLMC), a new live media form
enabling the collaborative real-time assemblage of web media including text, images, sketch, and
live video and audio. We deploy LiveMâché, a CLMC probe, in four situated online learning
contexts to support participatory learning activities. We find that CLMC supports new forms of
real-time conversational grounding and participation. In conclusion, we summarize and discuss
our findings and discuss future directions for live media research