9,947 research outputs found
A Survey on Cross-Layer Design Frameworks for Multimedia Applications over Wireless Networks
In the last few years, the Internet throughput, usage and reliability have
increased almost exponentially. The introduction of broadband wireless mobile
ad hoc networks (MANETs) and cellular networks together with increased
computational power have opened the door for a new breed of applications to be
created, namely real-time multimedia applications. Delivering real-time
multimedia traffic over a complex network like the Internet is a particularly
challenging task since these applications have strict quality -of-service (QoS)
requirements on bandwidth, delay, and delay jitter. Traditional IP-based best
effort service will not be able to meet these stringent requirements. The
time-varying nature of wireless channels and resource constrained wireless
devices make the problem even more difficult. To improve perceived media
quality by end users over wireless Internet, QoS supports can be addressed in
different layers, including application layer, transport layer and link layer.
Cross layer design is a well-known approach to achieve this adaptation. In
cross-layer design, the challenges from the physical wireless medium and the
QoS-demands from the applications are taken into account so that the rate,
power, and coding at the physical layer can adapted to meet the requirements of
the applications given the current channel and network conditions. A number of
propositions for cross-layer designs exist in the literature. In this paper, an
extensive review has been made on these cross-layer architectures that combine
the application-layer, transport layer and the link layer controls.
Particularly the issues like channel estimation techniques, adaptive controls
at the application and link layers for energy efficiency, priority based
scheduling, transmission rate control at the transport layer, and adaptive
automatic repeat request (ARQ) are discussed in detail.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
A study of research trends and issues in wireless ad hoc networks
Ad hoc network enables network creation on the fly without support of any
predefined infrastructure. The spontaneous erection of networks in anytime and
anywhere fashion enables development of various novel applications based on ad
hoc networks. However, at the same ad hoc network presents several new
challenges. Different research proposals have came forward to resolve these
challenges. This chapter provides a survey of current issues, solutions and
research trends in wireless ad hoc network. Even though various surveys are
already available on the topic, rapid developments in recent years call for an
updated account on this topic. The chapter has been organized as follows. In
the first part of the chapter, various ad hoc network's issues arising at
different layers of TCP/IP protocol stack are presented. An overview of
research proposals to address each of these issues is also provided. The second
part of the chapter investigates various emerging models of ad hoc networks,
discusses their distinctive properties and highlights various research issues
arising due to these properties. We specifically provide discussion on ad hoc
grids, ad hoc clouds, wireless mesh networks and cognitive radio ad hoc
networks. The chapter ends with presenting summary of the current research on
ad hoc network, ignored research areas and directions for further research
Common Metrics for Analyzing, Developing and Managing Telecommunication Networks
The metrics play increasingly fundamental role in the design, development,
deployment and operation of telecommunication systems. Despite their
importance, the studies of metrics are usually limited to a narrow area or a
well-defined objective. Our study aims to more broadly survey the metrics that
are commonly used for analyzing, developing and managing telecommunication
networks in order to facilitate understanding of the current metrics landscape.
The metrics are simple abstractions of systems, and they directly influence how
the systems are perceived by different stakeholders. However, defining and
using metrics for telecommunication systems with ever increasing complexity is
a complicated matter which has not been so far systematically and
comprehensively considered in the literature. The common metrics sources are
identified, and how the metrics are used and selected is discussed. The most
commonly used metrics for telecommunication systems are categorized and
presented as energy and power metrics, quality-of-service metrics,
quality-of-experience metrics, security metrics, and reliability and resilience
metrics. Finally, the research directions and recommendations how the metrics
can evolve, and be defined and used more effectively are outlined.Comment: 5 figures, 18 table
Towards combinatorial modeling of wireless technology generations
The paper addresses the following problems: (1) a brief survey on wireless
mobile communication technologies including evolution, history evolution (e.g.,
chain of system generations 0G, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, 7G); (2) using a
hierarchical structural modular approach to the generations of the wireless
communication systems (i.e., hierarchical combinatorial modeling of the
communication technologies), (3) illustrative usage of two-stage combinatorial
approach to improvement/forecasting of the communication technology (a version
of 5G) (on the basis of multiple choice problem). Numerical examples illustrate
the suggested combinatorial approach.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures, 9 table
A Survey on QoE-oriented Wireless Resources Scheduling
Future wireless systems are expected to provide a wide range of services to
more and more users. Advanced scheduling strategies thus arise not only to
perform efficient radio resource management, but also to provide fairness among
the users. On the other hand, the users' perceived quality, i.e., Quality of
Experience (QoE), is becoming one of the main drivers within the schedulers
design. In this context, this paper starts by providing a comprehension of what
is QoE and an overview of the evolution of wireless scheduling techniques.
Afterwards, a survey on the most recent QoE-based scheduling strategies for
wireless systems is presented, highlighting the application/service of the
different approaches reported in the literature, as well as the parameters that
were taken into account for QoE optimization. Therefore, this paper aims at
helping readers interested in learning the basic concepts of QoE-oriented
wireless resources scheduling, as well as getting in touch with its current
research frontier.Comment: Revised version: updated according to the most recent related
literature; added references; corrected typo
Exploiting the power of multiplicity: a holistic survey of network-layer multipath
The Internet is inherently a multipath network---for an underlying network
with only a single path connecting various nodes would have been debilitatingly
fragile. Unfortunately, traditional Internet technologies have been designed
around the restrictive assumption of a single working path between a source and
a destination. The lack of native multipath support constrains network
performance even as the underlying network is richly connected and has
redundant multiple paths. Computer networks can exploit the power of
multiplicity to unlock the inherent redundancy of the Internet. This opens up a
new vista of opportunities promising increased throughput (through concurrent
usage of multiple paths) and increased reliability and fault-tolerance (through
the use of multiple paths in backup/ redundant arrangements). There are many
emerging trends in networking that signify that the Internet's future will be
unmistakably multipath, including the use of multipath technology in datacenter
computing; multi-interface, multi-channel, and multi-antenna trends in
wireless; ubiquity of mobile devices that are multi-homed with heterogeneous
access networks; and the development and standardization of multipath transport
protocols such as MP-TCP.
The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive survey of the literature
on network-layer multipath solutions. We will present a detailed investigation
of two important design issues, namely the control plane problem of how to
compute and select the routes, and the data plane problem of how to split the
flow on the computed paths. The main contribution of this paper is a systematic
articulation of the main design issues in network-layer multipath routing along
with a broad-ranging survey of the vast literature on network-layer
multipathing. We also highlight open issues and identify directions for future
work
Mobile Cloud Business Process Management System for the Internet of Things: A Survey
The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a comprehensive environment that
consists of a large number of smart devices interconnecting heterogeneous
physical objects to the Internet. Many domains such as logistics,
manufacturing, agriculture, urban computing, home automation, ambient assisted
living and various ubiquitous computing applications have utilised IoT
technologies. Meanwhile, Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) have become
a successful and efficient solution for coordinated management and optimised
utilisation of resources/entities. However, past BPMS have not considered many
issues they will face in managing large scale connected heterogeneous IoT
entities. Without fully understanding the behaviour, capability and state of
the IoT entities, the BPMS can fail to manage the IoT integrated information
systems. In this paper, we analyse existing BPMS for IoT and identify the
limitations and their drawbacks based on Mobile Cloud Computing perspective.
Later, we discuss a number of open challenges in BPMS for IoT.Comment: 56 pages, 10 figures, 5 table
Software Defined Optical Networks (SDONs): A Comprehensive Survey
The emerging Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm separates the data
plane from the control plane and centralizes network control in an SDN
controller. Applications interact with controllers to implement network
services, such as network transport with Quality of Service (QoS). SDN
facilitates the virtualization of network functions so that multiple virtual
networks can operate over a given installed physical network infrastructure.
Due to the specific characteristics of optical (photonic) communication
components and the high optical transmission capacities, SDN based optical
networking poses particular challenges, but holds also great potential. In this
article, we comprehensively survey studies that examine the SDN paradigm in
optical networks; in brief, we survey the area of Software Defined Optical
Networks (SDONs). We mainly organize the SDON studies into studies focused on
the infrastructure layer, the control layer, and the application layer.
Moreover, we cover SDON studies focused on network virtualization, as well as
SDON studies focused on the orchestration of multilayer and multidomain
networking. Based on the survey, we identify open challenges for SDONs and
outline future directions
The Past, Present, and Future of Transport-Layer Multipath
Multipathing in communication networks is gaining momentum due to its
attractive features of increased reliability, throughput, fault tolerance, and
load balancing capabilities. In particular, wireless environments and
datacenters are envisioned to become largely dependent on the power of
multipathing for seamless handovers, virtual machine (VM) migration and in
general, pooling less proficient resources together for achieving overall high
proficiency. The transport layer, with its knowledge about end-to-end path
characteristics, is well placed to enhance performance through better
utilization of multiple paths. Realizing the importance of transport-layer
multipath, this paper investigates the modernization of traditional connection
establishment, flow control, sequence number splitting, acknowledgement, and
flow scheduling mechanisms for use with multiple paths. Since congestion
control defines a fundamental feature of the transport layer, we study the
working of multipath rate control and analyze its stability and convergence. We
also discuss how various multipath congestion control algorithms differ in
their window increase and decrease functions, their TCP-friendliness, and
responsiveness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth survey
paper that has chronicled the evolution of the transport layer of the Internet
from the traditional single-path TCP to the recent development of the modern
multipath TCP (MPTCP) protocol. Along with describing the history of this
evolution, we also highlight in this paper the remaining challenges and
research issues
All One Needs to Know about Fog Computing and Related Edge Computing Paradigms: A Complete Survey
With the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming part of our daily life and our
environment, we expect rapid growth in the number of connected devices. IoT is
expected to connect billions of devices and humans to bring promising
advantages for us. With this growth, fog computing, along with its related edge
computing paradigms, such as multi-access edge computing (MEC) and cloudlet,
are seen as promising solutions for handling the large volume of
security-critical and time-sensitive data that is being produced by the IoT. In
this paper, we first provide a tutorial on fog computing and its related
computing paradigms, including their similarities and differences. Next, we
provide a taxonomy of research topics in fog computing, and through a
comprehensive survey, we summarize and categorize the efforts on fog computing
and its related computing paradigms. Finally, we provide challenges and future
directions for research in fog computing.Comment: 48 pages, 7 tables, 11 figures, 450 references. The data (categories
and features/objectives of the papers) of this survey are now available
publicly. Accepted by Elsevier Journal of Systems Architectur
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