1,188 research outputs found
A Lightweight Blockchain and Fog-enabled Secure Remote Patient Monitoring System
IoT has enabled the rapid growth of smart remote healthcare applications.
These IoT-based remote healthcare applications deliver fast and preventive
medical services to patients at risk or with chronic diseases. However,
ensuring data security and patient privacy while exchanging sensitive medical
data among medical IoT devices is still a significant concern in remote
healthcare applications. Altered or corrupted medical data may cause wrong
treatment and create grave health issues for patients. Moreover, current remote
medical applications' efficiency and response time need to be addressed and
improved. Considering the need for secure and efficient patient care, this
paper proposes a lightweight Blockchain-based and Fog-enabled remote patient
monitoring system that provides a high level of security and efficient response
time. Simulation results and security analysis show that the proposed
lightweight blockchain architecture fits the resource-constrained IoT devices
well and is secure against attacks. Moreover, the augmentation of Fog computing
improved the responsiveness of the remote patient monitoring system by 40%.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables, accepted by Elsevier "Internet of
Things; Engineering Cyber Physical Human Systems" journal on January 9, 202
The Telehealth Chain: a protocol for secure and transparent telemedicine transactions on the blockchain
Blockchain technology provides a secure and decentralized platform for
storing and transferring sensitive medical data, which can be utilized to
enable remote medical consultations. This paper proposes a theoretical
framework for creating a blockchain-based digital entity to facilitate
telemedicine services. The proposed framework utilizes blockchain technology to
provide a secure and reliable platform for medical practitioners to remotely
interact with patient transactions. The blockchain will serve as a one-stop
digital service to secure patient data, ensure privacy, and facilitate
payments. The proposed framework leverages the existing Hyperledger Fabric
platform to build a secure blockchain-assisted telemedicine platform
Optimized Blockchain Model for Internet of Things based Healthcare Applications
There continues to be a recent push to taking the cryptocurrency based ledger
system known as Blockchain and applying its techniques to non-financial
applications. One of the main areas for application remains Internet of Things
(IoT) as we see many areas of improvement as we move into an age of smart
cities. In this paper, we examine an initial look at applying the key aspects
of Blockchain to a health application network where patients health data can be
used to create alerts important to authenticated healthcare providers in a
secure and private manner. This paper also presents the benefits and also
practical obstacles of the blockchain-based security approaches in IoT.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1806.00555 by other author
Critical issues in Leveraging Blockchain in Healthcare Sector
Blockchain innovation has brought various benefits to the healthcare sector. Utilizing blockchains in clinical contexts will reduce handling time since when a patient signs up for a review, the complete collected data will be accessible at once because of accessibility on the distributed ledger. Also, specialists will not need to stress over the patients giving them a legit clinical history, because of their capacity to progressively see the correct, credible, and quality source-recorded information. It eliminates any likely clinical history mistakes. Similarly, the patients will not need to stress over having a second assessment from another specialist, because of the straightforwardness of the information. Having patient records on a blockchain organization will prompt individuals to know and associate with various others, across the globe, with similar ailments as they have, which is not only valuable for their well-being, but also make the patients feel acknowledged, upheld, and have reinforced determination to battle the ailment. Patients will have total independence regarding their information, and they will choose who to impart the information to. In this paper, we present all the challenges and critical issues associated with implementing blockchains in the healthcare sector
FHIRChain: Applying Blockchain to Securely and Scalably Share Clinical Data
Secure and scalable data sharing is essential for collaborative clinical
decision making. Conventional clinical data efforts are often siloed, however,
which creates barriers to efficient information exchange and impedes effective
treatment decision made for patients. This paper provides four contributions to
the study of applying blockchain technology to clinical data sharing in the
context of technical requirements defined in the "Shared Nationwide
Interoperability Roadmap" from the Office of the National Coordinator for
Health Information Technology (ONC). First, we analyze the ONC requirements and
their implications for blockchain-based systems. Second, we present FHIRChain,
which is a blockchain-based architecture designed to meet ONC requirements by
encapsulating the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)
standard for shared clinical data. Third, we demonstrate a FHIRChain-based
decentralized app using digital health identities to authenticate participants
in a case study of collaborative decision making for remote cancer care.
Fourth, we highlight key lessons learned from our case study
Decentralized Telemedicine Framework for a Smart Healthcare Ecosystem
The healthcare sector is one of the most rapidly growing sectors globally. With the ever-growing technology, patient care, regulatory compliance, and digital transformation, there is an increased need for healthcare sectors to collaborate with all stakeholders – both within the healthcare ecosystem and in concurring industries. In recent times, telemedicine has proven to provide high quality, affordable, and predominantly adapted healthcare services. However, telemedicine suffers from several risks in implementation, such as data breach, restricted access across medical fraternity, incorrect diagnosis and prescription, fraud, and abuse. In this work, introduce blockchain-based framework that would unlock the future of the healthcare sector and improved services. Our proposed solution utilizing Ethereum smart contracts to develop a transparent, tamper-proof telemedicine healthcare framework, and ensure the integrity of sensitive patient data eliminating a central administrator. Moreover, the smart contract regulates the interaction between all the parties involved in the network and keeps the patient meticulously informed about the transactions in the network
A patient agent controlled customized blockchain based framework for internet of things
Although Blockchain implementations have emerged as revolutionary technologies for various industrial applications including cryptocurrencies, they have not been widely deployed to store data streaming from sensors to remote servers in architectures known as Internet of Things. New Blockchain for the Internet of Things models promise secure solutions for eHealth, smart cities, and other applications. These models pave the way for continuous monitoring of patient’s physiological signs with wearable sensors to augment traditional medical practice without recourse to storing data with a trusted authority. However, existing Blockchain algorithms cannot accommodate the huge volumes, security, and privacy requirements of health data. In this thesis, our first contribution is an End-to-End secure eHealth architecture that introduces an intelligent Patient Centric Agent. The Patient Centric Agent executing on dedicated hardware manages the storage and access of streams of sensors generated health data, into a customized Blockchain and other less secure repositories. As IoT devices cannot host Blockchain technology due to their limited memory, power, and computational resources, the Patient Centric Agent coordinates and communicates with a private customized Blockchain on behalf of the wearable devices. While the adoption of a Patient Centric Agent offers solutions for addressing continuous monitoring of patients’ health, dealing with storage, data privacy and network security issues, the architecture is vulnerable to Denial of Services(DoS) and single point of failure attacks. To address this issue, we advance a second contribution; a decentralised eHealth system in which the Patient Centric Agent is replicated at three levels: Sensing Layer, NEAR Processing Layer and FAR Processing Layer. The functionalities of the Patient Centric Agent are customized to manage the tasks of the three levels. Simulations confirm protection of the architecture against DoS attacks. Few patients require all their health data to be stored in Blockchain repositories but instead need to select an appropriate storage medium for each chunk of data by matching their personal needs and preferences with features of candidate storage mediums. Motivated by this context, we advance third contribution; a recommendation model for health data storage that can accommodate patient preferences and make storage decisions rapidly, in real-time, even with streamed data. The mapping between health data features and characteristics of each repository is learned using machine learning. The Blockchain’s capacity to make transactions and store records without central oversight enables its application for IoT networks outside health such as underwater IoT networks where the unattended nature of the nodes threatens their security and privacy. However, underwater IoT differs from ground IoT as acoustics signals are the communication media leading to high propagation delays, high error rates exacerbated by turbulent water currents. Our fourth contribution is a customized Blockchain leveraged framework with the model of Patient-Centric Agent renamed as Smart Agent for securely monitoring underwater IoT. Finally, the smart Agent has been investigated in developing an IoT smart home or cities monitoring framework. The key algorithms underpinning to each contribution have been implemented and analysed using simulators.Doctor of Philosoph
Is Blockchain for Internet of Medical Things a Panacea for COVID-19 Pandemic?
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has deeply influenced the lifestyle of
the general public and the healthcare system of the society. As a promising
approach to address the emerging challenges caused by the epidemic of
infectious diseases like COVID-19, Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) deployed
in hospitals, clinics, and healthcare centers can save the diagnosis time and
improve the efficiency of medical resources though privacy and security
concerns of IoMT stall the wide adoption. In order to tackle the privacy,
security, and interoperability issues of IoMT, we propose a framework of
blockchain-enabled IoMT by introducing blockchain to incumbent IoMT systems. In
this paper, we review the benefits of this architecture and illustrate the
opportunities brought by blockchain-enabled IoMT. We also provide use cases of
blockchain-enabled IoMT on fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, including
the prevention of infectious diseases, location sharing and contact tracing,
and the supply chain of injectable medicines. We also outline future work in
this area.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure
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