Evaluation of Doppler-Delay Properties of Diffuse Components in Vehicular Propagation Channels

Abstract—In this contribution, both numerical and experimental investigations are performed to evaluate the impact of diffuse scattering on the characteristics of vehicular propagation channels in highway environments. The response of a vehicle-tovehicle (V2V) channel can be composed of discrete specular path components and diffuse scattering components. Simulation results in two V2V scenarios with different settings illustrate the power spectra of the diffuse components induced by the diffuse zone along the highway in delay, Doppler frequency, and in biazimuth (azimuth of arrival and azimuth of departure). Measurement data collected in a highway scenario are processed by using the SAGE (Space-Alternating Generalized Expectationmaximization) algorithm. Results show that the empirical delay-Doppler frequency spectrum of the diffuse components is consistent with the simulated spectrum obtained by using an appropriate setting. This investigation also indicates the necessity of jointly modeling the discrete specular path components and diffuse scattering components for vehicular propagation channels. Index Terms—Channel modeling, geometry-based, diffuse scattering, and power spectrum. I