A Roadmap Towards Resilient Internet of Things for Cyber-Physical Systems

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a ubiquitous system connecting many different devices - the things - which can be accessed from the distance. The cyber-physical systems (CPS) monitor and control the things from the distance. As a result, the concepts of dependability and security get deeply intertwined. The increasing level of dynamicity, heterogeneity, and complexity adds to the system's vulnerability, and challenges its ability to react to faults. This paper summarizes state-of-the-art of existing work on anomaly detection, fault-tolerance and self-healing, and adds a number of other methods applicable to achieve resilience in an IoT. We particularly focus on non-intrusive methods ensuring data integrity in the network. Furthermore, this paper presents the main challenges in building a resilient IoT for CPS which is crucial in the era of smart CPS with enhanced connectivity (an excellent example of such a system is connected autonomous vehicles). It further summarizes our solutions, work-in-progress and future work to this topic to enable "Trustworthy IoT for CPS". Finally, this framework is illustrated on a selected use case: A smart sensor infrastructure in the transport domain.Comment: preprint (2018-10-29

MetaAnalysis of Methods for Scaling Blockchain Technology for Automotive Uses

The automotive industry has seen an increased need for connectivity, both as a result of the advent of autonomous driving and the rise of connected cars and truck fleets. This shift has led to issues such as trusted coordination and a wider attack surface have come to light, leading to higher costs and bureaucratic interventions. Due to the increasing adoption of connected vehicles, as well as other connected infrastructure, trustless peer to peer systems including blockchain are being explored as potential solution to this efficiency problem. All the while, scalability is still a significant concern for industry players. Current blockchain based systems have difficulty scaling: Bitcoin can only process seven transactions per second (tx/s) whereas Ethereum's fifteen tx/s is not a major improvement. Combined with the high cost of consensus and low throughput, such platforms are unusable with the mobility sector. This paper will address the latest advances in the field that aim to resolve parts of this problem as well as inform its readers about the scalability technologies that could push blockchain automotive infrastructure into the mainstream. This paper will also introduce the theoretical tools and advancements that, if implemented, could bring the mobility industry closer toward adopting efficient, scalable, and cost effective decentralized solutions