5 research outputs found
Contact-Aware Controller Design for Complementarity Systems
While many robotic tasks, like manipulation and locomotion, are fundamentally
based in making and breaking contact with the environment, state-of-the-art
control policies struggle to deal with the hybrid nature of multi-contact
motion. Such controllers often rely heavily upon heuristics or, due to the
combinatoric structure in the dynamics, are unsuitable for real-time control.
Principled deployment of tactile sensors offers a promising mechanism for
stable and robust control, but modern approaches often use this data in an ad
hoc manner, for instance to guide guarded moves. In this work, by exploiting
the complementarity structure of contact dynamics, we propose a control
framework which can close the loop on rich, tactile sensors. Critically, this
framework is non-combinatoric, enabling optimization algorithms to
automatically synthesize provably stable control policies. We demonstrate this
approach on three different underactuated, multi-contact robotics problems.Comment: The work has been submitted to ICRA 202
ContactNets: Learning Discontinuous Contact Dynamics with Smooth, Implicit Representations
Common methods for learning robot dynamics assume motion is continuous,
causing unrealistic model predictions for systems undergoing discontinuous
impact and stiction behavior. In this work, we resolve this conflict with a
smooth, implicit encoding of the structure inherent to contact-induced
discontinuities. Our method, ContactNets, learns parameterizations of
inter-body signed distance and contact-frame Jacobians, a representation that
is compatible with many simulation, control, and planning environments for
robotics. We furthermore circumvent the need to differentiate through stiff or
non-smooth dynamics with a novel loss function inspired by the principles of
complementarity and maximum dissipation. Our method can predict realistic
impact, non-penetration, and stiction when trained on 60 seconds of real-world
data.Comment: S.P. and M.H. contributed equally to this work; Accepted to CoRL 202
Describing Physics For Physical Reasoning: Force-based Sequential Manipulation Planning
Physical reasoning is a core aspect of intelligence in animals and humans. A
central question is what model should be used as a basis for reasoning.
Existing work considered models ranging from intuitive physics and physical
simulators to contact dynamics models used in robotic manipulation and
locomotion. In this work we propose descriptions of physics which directly
allow us to leverage optimization methods for physical reasoning and sequential
manipulation planning. The proposed multi-physics formulation enables the
solver to mix various levels of abstraction and simplifications for different
objects and phases of the solution. As an essential ingredient, we propose a
specific parameterization of wrench exchange between object surfaces in a path
optimization framework, introducing the point-of-attack as decision variable.
We demonstrate the approach on various robot manipulation planning problems,
such as grasping a stick in order to push or lift another object to a target,
shifting and grasping a book from a shelve, and throwing an object to bounce
towards a target
Modeling and Analysis of Non-unique Behaviors in Multiple Frictional Impacts
Many fundamental challenges in robotics, based in manipulation or locomotion,
require making and breaking contact with the environment. To represent the
complexity of frictional contact events, impulsive impact models are especially
popular, as they often lead to mathematically and computationally tractable
approaches. However, when two or more impacts occur simultaneously, the precise
sequencing of impact forces is generally unknown, leading to the potential for
multiple possible outcomes. This simultaneity is far from pathological, and
occurs in many common robotics applications. In this work, we propose an
approach for resolving simultaneous frictional impacts, represented as a
differential inclusion. Solutions to our model, an extension to multiple
contacts of Routh's method, naturally capture the set of potential post-impact
velocities.We prove that solutions to the presented model must terminate. This
is, to the best of our knowledge, the first such guarantee for set-valued
outcomes to simultaneous frictional impacts.Comment: Robotics: Science and Systems 201
Stabilization of Complementarity Systems via Contact-Aware Controllers
We propose a control framework which can utilize tactile information by
exploiting the complementarity structure of contact dynamics. Since many
robotic tasks, like manipulation and locomotion, are fundamentally based in
making and breaking contact with the environment, state-of-the-art control
policies struggle to deal with the hybrid nature of multi-contact motion. Such
controllers often rely heavily upon heuristics or, due to the combinatorial
structure in the dynamics, are unsuitable for real-time control. Principled
deployment of tactile sensors offers a promising mechanism for stable and
robust control, but modern approaches often use this data in an ad hoc manner,
for instance to guide guarded moves. This framework can close the loop on
tactile sensors and it is non-combinatorial, enabling optimization algorithms
to automatically synthesize provably stable control policies. We demonstrate
this approach on multiple numerical examples, including quasi-static friction
problems and a high dimensional problem with ten contacts. We also validate our
results on an experimental setup and show the effectiveness of the proposed
method on an underactuated multi-contact system.Comment: The final preprint, accepted to T-RO. arXiv admin note: text overlap
with arXiv:1909.1122