11,373 research outputs found
Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Networks for the Maritime Internet of Things: Key Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges
With the rapid development of marine activities, there has been an increasing
number of maritime mobile terminals, as well as a growing demand for high-speed
and ultra-reliable maritime communications to keep them connected.
Traditionally, the maritime Internet of Things (IoT) is enabled by maritime
satellites. However, satellites are seriously restricted by their high latency
and relatively low data rate. As an alternative, shore & island-based base
stations (BSs) can be built to extend the coverage of terrestrial networks
using fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and beyond 5G services.
Unmanned aerial vehicles can also be exploited to serve as aerial maritime BSs.
Despite of all these approaches, there are still open issues for an efficient
maritime communication network (MCN). For example, due to the complicated
electromagnetic propagation environment, the limited geometrically available BS
sites, and rigorous service demands from mission-critical applications,
conventional communication and networking theories and methods should be
tailored for maritime scenarios. Towards this end, we provide a survey on the
demand for maritime communications, the state-of-the-art MCNs, and key
technologies for enhancing transmission efficiency, extending network coverage,
and provisioning maritime-specific services. Future challenges in developing an
environment-aware, service-driven, and integrated satellite-air-ground MCN to
be smart enough to utilize external auxiliary information, e.g., sea state and
atmosphere conditions, are also discussed
Enabling Disaster Resilient 4G Mobile Communication Networks
The 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the cellular technology expected to
outperform the previous generations and to some extent revolutionize the
experience of the users by taking advantage of the most advanced radio access
techniques (i.e. OFDMA, SC-FDMA, MIMO). However, the strong dependencies
between user equipments (UEs), base stations (eNBs) and the Evolved Packet Core
(EPC) limit the flexibility, manageability and resiliency in such networks. In
case the communication links between UEs-eNB or eNB-EPC are disrupted, UEs are
in fact unable to communicate. In this article, we reshape the 4G mobile
network to move towards more virtual and distributed architectures for
improving disaster resilience, drastically reducing the dependency between UEs,
eNBs and EPC. The contribution of this work is twofold. We firstly present the
Flexible Management Entity (FME), a distributed entity which leverages on
virtualized EPC functionalities in 4G cellular systems. Second, we introduce a
simple and novel device-todevice (D2D) communication scheme allowing the UEs in
physical proximity to communicate directly without resorting to the
coordination with an eNB.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Communications Magazin
A Virtual Network PaaS for 3GPP 4G and Beyond Core Network Services
Cloud computing and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) are emerging as key
technologies to overcome the challenges facing 4G and beyond mobile systems.
Over the last few years, Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) has gained momentum and
has become more widely adopted throughout IT enterprises. It simplifies the
applications provisioning and accelerates time-to-market while lowering costs.
Telco can leverage the same model to provision the 4G and beyond core network
services using NFV technology. However, many challenges have to be addressed,
mainly due to the specificities of network services. This paper proposes an
architecture for a Virtual Network Platform-as-a-Service (VNPaaS) to provision
3GPP 4G and beyond core network services in a distributed environment. As an
illustrative use case, the proposed architecture is employed to provision the
3GPP Home Subscriber Server (HSS) as-a-Service (HSSaaS). The HSSaaS is built
from Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) resulting from a novel decomposition
of HSS. A prototype is implemented and early measurements are made.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, 5th IEEE International Conference on
Cloud Networking (IEEE CloudNet 2016
A Hybrid Model to Extend Vehicular Intercommunication V2V through D2D Architecture
In the recent years, many solutions for Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)
communication were proposed to overcome failure problems (also known as dead
ends). This paper proposes a novel framework for V2V failure recovery using
Device-to-Device (D2D) communications. Based on the unified Intelligent
Transportation Systems (ITS) architecture, LTE-based D2D mechanisms can improve
V2V dead ends failure recovery delays. This new paradigm of hybrid V2V-D2D
communications overcomes the limitations of traditional V2V routing techniques.
According to NS2 simulation results, the proposed hybrid model decreases the
end to end delay (E2E) of messages delivery. A complete comparison of different
D2D use cases (best & worst scenarios) is presented to show the enhancements
brought by our solution compared to traditional V2V techniques.Comment: 6 page
Will SDN be part of 5G?
For many, this is no longer a valid question and the case is considered
settled with SDN/NFV (Software Defined Networking/Network Function
Virtualization) providing the inevitable innovation enablers solving many
outstanding management issues regarding 5G. However, given the monumental task
of softwarization of radio access network (RAN) while 5G is just around the
corner and some companies have started unveiling their 5G equipment already,
the concern is very realistic that we may only see some point solutions
involving SDN technology instead of a fully SDN-enabled RAN. This survey paper
identifies all important obstacles in the way and looks at the state of the art
of the relevant solutions. This survey is different from the previous surveys
on SDN-based RAN as it focuses on the salient problems and discusses solutions
proposed within and outside SDN literature. Our main focus is on fronthaul,
backward compatibility, supposedly disruptive nature of SDN deployment,
business cases and monetization of SDN related upgrades, latency of general
purpose processors (GPP), and additional security vulnerabilities,
softwarization brings along to the RAN. We have also provided a summary of the
architectural developments in SDN-based RAN landscape as not all work can be
covered under the focused issues. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on
the state of the art of SDN-based RAN and clearly points out the gaps in the
technology.Comment: 33 pages, 10 figure
Random Linear Network Coding for 5G Mobile Video Delivery
An exponential increase in mobile video delivery will continue with the
demand for higher resolution, multi-view and large-scale multicast video
services. Novel fifth generation (5G) 3GPP New Radio (NR) standard will bring a
number of new opportunities for optimizing video delivery across both 5G core
and radio access networks. One of the promising approaches for video quality
adaptation, throughput enhancement and erasure protection is the use of
packet-level random linear network coding (RLNC). In this review paper, we
discuss the integration of RLNC into the 5G NR standard, building upon the
ideas and opportunities identified in 4G LTE. We explicitly identify and
discuss in detail novel 5G NR features that provide support for RLNC-based
video delivery in 5G, thus pointing out to the promising avenues for future
research.Comment: Invited paper for Special Issue "Network and Rateless Coding for
Video Streaming" - MDPI Informatio
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