Mathematical programs with complementarity constraints: convergence properties of a smoothing method

In this paper, optimization problems $P$ with complementarity constraints are considered. Characterizations for local minimizers $\bar{x}$ of $P$ of Orders 1 and 2 are presented. We analyze a parametric smoothing approach for solving these programs in which $P$ is replaced by a perturbed problem $P_{\tau}$ depending on a (small) parameter $\tau$. We are interested in the convergence behavior of the feasible set $\cal{F}_{\tau}$ and the convergence of the solutions $\bar{x}_{\tau}$ of $P_{\tau}$ for $\tau\to 0.$ In particular, it is shown that, under generic assumptions, the solutions $\bar{x}_{\tau}$ are unique and converge to a solution $\bar{x}$ of $P$ with a rate $\cal{O}(\sqrt{\tau})$. Moreover, the convergence for the Hausdorff distance $d(\cal{F}_{\tau}$, $\cal{F})$ between the feasible sets of $P_{\tau}$ and $P$ is of order $\cal{O}(\sqrt{\tau})$

Using EPECs to model bilevel games in restructured electricity markets with locational prices

CWPE0619 (EPRG0602) Xinmin Hu and Daniel Ralph (Feb 2006) Using EPECs to model bilevel games in restructured electricity markets with locational prices We study a bilevel noncooperative game-theoretic model of electricity markets with locational marginal prices. Each player faces a bilevel optimization problem that we remodel as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints, MPEC. This gives an EPEC, equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints. We establish sufficient conditions for existence of pure strategy Nash equilibria for this class of bilevel games and give some applications. We show by examples the effect of network transmission limits, i.e. congestion, on existence of equilibria. Then we study, for more general EPECs, the weaker pure strategy concepts of local Nash and Nash stationary equilibria. We model the latter via complementarity problems, CPs. Finally, we present numerical examples of methods that attempt to find local Nash or Nash stationary equilibria of randomly generated electricity market games. The CP solver PATH is found to be rather effective in this context

Solving Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constraints as Nonlinear Programming: A New Framework

We present a new framework for the solution of mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (MPECs). In this algorithmic framework, an MPECs is viewed as a concentration of an unconstrained optimization which minimizes the complementarity measure and a nonlinear programming with general constraints. A strategy generalizing ideas of Byrd-Omojokun's trust region method is used to compute steps. By penalizing the tangential constraints into the objective function, we circumvent the problem of not satisfying MFCQ. A trust-funnel-like strategy is used to balance the improvements on feasibility and optimality. We show that, under MPEC-MFCQ, if the algorithm does not terminate in finite steps, then at least one accumulation point of the iterates sequence is an S-stationary point

Strong Stationarity Conditions for Optimal Control of Hybrid Systems

We present necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for finite time optimal control problems for a class of hybrid systems described by linear complementarity models. Although these optimal control problems are difficult in general due to the presence of complementarity constraints, we provide a set of structural assumptions ensuring that the tangent cone of the constraints possesses geometric regularity properties. These imply that the classical Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions of nonlinear programming theory are both necessary and sufficient for local optimality, which is not the case for general mathematical programs with complementarity constraints. We also present sufficient conditions for global optimality. We proceed to show that the dynamics of every continuous piecewise affine system can be written as the optimizer of a mathematical program which results in a linear complementarity model satisfying our structural assumptions. Hence, our stationarity results apply to a large class of hybrid systems with piecewise affine dynamics. We present simulation results showing the substantial benefits possible from using a nonlinear programming approach to the optimal control problem with complementarity constraints instead of a more traditional mixed-integer formulation.Comment: 30 pages, 4 figure