“Human-Centric” (“Human-Sized”) Turn in the Evolution of the “Smart City” Concept and the Participation of Civil Society Actors in Political Decision-Making

The paper analyzes the main causes and outlines of a human-sized turn in the evolution of the concept of smart cities, one of the characteristic features of which is the transition from centralized approaches (“top-down”) in political decision-making to approaches that involve community participation, diffuse interaction and orientation towards joint decisions, consideration of citizens not only as voters, but rather as equal subjects, partners of the government, the use of whose potential in making political decisions ensures the effectiveness and “human dimension” of the latter. The “human dimension” turn leads to the conceptualization of smart cities through categories such as “happiness”, “well-being”, “collaboration”, “inclusion”. There is a shift in emphasis from explicit knowledge to the so-called. Implicit knowledge, i. e. knowledge of citizens. At the same time, the paper highlights the existing gap (and in many respects the declarative nature of the goals of smart cities) between the ideal human-centric and “human-sized” model of smart cities and the existing real decision-making practice, which the researchers pay attention to. The paper concludes that a promising direction in the study of smart city in this context is the study and search for effective forms of participation of civil society actors in decision-making, mechanisms for ensuring inclusive and transparent participation of citizens, ways to achieve meaningful civic participation and adjust decisions through real “exchange” of knowledge, modern smart city models that consider the participation of civil society actors as a key part of the decision-making process

Knowledge Management System Berbasis Web tentang Budidaya Hidroponik untuk Mendukung Smart Society

Meningkatnya jumlah populasi penduduk di Indonesia berdampak pada terbatasnya luas wilayah pertanian di Kota Bogor yang mengakibatkan ancaman produksi pertanian karena konversi lahan persawahan sebesar 88,12% menjadi perumahan dan kebun. Solusi sistem produksi pertanian dengan terbatasnya lahan salah satunya adalah hidroponik. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan budidaya hidroponik dan memudahkan akses fasilitas belajar digital sebagai bagian penting dari rencana pemerintah Kota Bogor yaitu smart society diperlukan dukungan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Knowledge Management System (KMS) budidaya hidroponik dengan mengadopsi metode Knowledge Management Life Cycle melalui identifikasi pengetahuan tacit maupun explicit dari komunitas hidroponik. Proses menangkap pengetahuan berorientasi pada seluruh proses budidaya sayuran hidroponik dengan menggunakan bibit yang siap tanam. Knowledge map digunakan untuk kodifikasi pengetahuan menghasilkan 34 pengetahuan explicit berupa media interaktif video maupun dokumen yang dapat digunakan oleh pengguna. Implementasi sistem menggunakan aplikasi berbasis Web dengan pendekatan object oriented yang sudah diuji oleh pakar dan semua fungsi berjalan dengan baik. Sistem ini memiliki fitur klasifikasi KMS yaitu knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, serta knowledge discovery. AbstractThe increasing number of populations in Indonesia has an impact on the limited area in Bogor, which has resulted in the threat of agricultural production because of the conversion of 88.12% of paddy fields to housing and gardens. A solution to agricultural production systems with limited land, one of which is hydroponics. Facilitate access to digital learning facilities as an essential part of the plan of the Bogor City government, namely smart society, information technology support is needed as a means of sharing hydroponic cultivation knowledge. Based on this, we developed a knowledge management system (KMS) adopting the Knowledge Management Life Cycle method by identifying tacit and explicit knowledge from the hydroponic community. The process of capturing knowledge is oriented to the whole process of hydroponic vegetable cultivation by using seeds that are ready for planting. Knowledge map is used for codification of knowledge that produces 34 explicit knowledge in the form of interactive media in the form of videos and documents that can be used by user. The output generated from this study is KMS was implemented using Web-based applications with an object-oriented approach that has been tested by experts with system functions is working and has KMS classification features, namely knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and knowledge discovery

The Need to Share Inter-Organizational Knowledge in Smartening Information and Knowledge Organizations and Centers in Smart Cities

Introduction: The creation and development of smart cities require creating a suitable platform, infrastructure, and capacity for the sharing and using capital and knowledge assets, including data, information, and knowledge produced by citizens, the government, and various organizations in all fields. One of the main problems and obstacles to the creation and development of smart cities is that knowledge assets of different types are distributed in different sectors or even in different regions related to stakeholders, as well as their systems and the purpose of using them. These are important ethical issues that need to be addressed by stakeholders/trustees in smart cities. The current state of active information and knowledge centers in the country, related to sharing knowledge assets, has created obstacles to the smart transformation and smartening of the above centers in data-oriented and knowledge-based smart cities. The present study, while pointing to the need for inter-organizational knowledge-sharing in smartening socio-cultural organizations, including information and knowledge centers, seeks to state the problems as the factors affecting the current state of inter-organizational knowledge sharing and the importance of identifying the underlying factors, steps, processes, methods and tools and ultimately the consequences in above centers in the context of smart cities. Methodology: The present applied study has been compiled with an analytical review approach using the documentary-library method based on the literature review and related texts in the fields of knowledge management, smart cities, and cultural development of these intelligent cities focusing on cultural institutions providing information and knowledge. In the present study, by using the documentary method, after explaining the position of information and knowledge organizations and centers in the smart city on the one hand and the necessity of inter-organizational knowledge sharing in the smart city; on the other hand, the need for inter-organizational knowledge sharing in the smartening up information and knowledge organizations and centers has been discussed. Findings: Sharing inter-organizational knowledge and knowledge capital are the key issues in the creation and development of smart cities. Socio-cultural organizations, as the providers of information and knowledge, have an important role in the cultural development of smart cities in dimensions of people and smart life, although there is no effective interaction and coordination between these organizations, their resources, and actions. Under the management and sharing of existing assets between these organizations, re-employment in the production and use of data, information and knowledge are prevented by various organizations, reducing the costs and the ability to share knowledge assets is effectively utilized in terms of planning, decision-making, and smartening services. Conclusion: Smart cities will be the result of interactions between citizens, organizations, and urban functions using data, information, knowledge, and information and communication technologies. As a result, it is necessary for all the organizations that are the source of providing services to citizens in certain areas in the city, based on a series of common data, information, and knowledge and at a common point, to make their decisions and only the result of the works of several organizations should be presented to the main beneficiaries or citizens. In this regard, smart cities as new urban ecosystems using open data, information, and knowledge as well as innovation system will lead to the integration of digital information and communication technologies, knowledge assets, and, consequently, increased responsiveness to citizens and improved quality of life. On the other hand, the ultimate goal of the smart city is to provide smart services in all areas related to urban life. Activities in the field of information and knowledge are associated with significant changes in the social and cultural structure of life and intelligent citizens and open a new arena for policymakers, including cultural organizations such as information and knowledge organizations

The use of a user-centric smart mobile application prototype for supporting safety and security in a city: a design science method

Cities have always been the drivers of innovation, growth and change. Cities around the world are still rapidly expanding, especially on the African and Asian continents. Cape Town is one of those cities, where urbanisation rates are high, and crime is persisting at alarmingly high levels with crime rates being among the worst in the country and the world. Additionally, the city is home to 7 of 10 worst-performing police services in the country. Combining these factors, there is a need to look at ‘smart' ways of growth which includes facilitating a safe and secure city for citizens. Although Cape Town is pursuing smart initiatives, these have failed to place communities and individuals among the key stakeholders in the smart planning process. This research focuses on further researching smart city initiatives in Cape Town, placing citizens at the centre of the development process. As Cape Town's mobile phone penetration rate is high and access to Internet is rapidly expanding, this research aims to use crowdsourcing techniques for developing a smart mobile application prototype that is focused on enhancing community engagement and facilitating increased perceived feelings of safety and security for citizens. The study uses a Design Science Research method with Cape Town citizens as the main stakeholders, to propose an artifact based on their wishes, needs and current issues faced with regards to safety and security in the city. The proposed artifact focuses on enhancing community engagement, through a chat room and user-logged incident reports, as well as a customised safe route planning functionality where users can send emergency signals to comembers with the use of GPS live location tracking. The research shows participants are willing to adopt the use of the mobile application prototype, given there is substantial community buy-in, and the functionalities in the app are easy to use and quickly accessible. The study further identifies the need for better police follow up and involvement, as the city's police system could benefit from crowd-sourced crime-data in reducing the number of crimes in neighbourhoods to make citizens feel more safe and secure