Enhanced group-based wireless ad-hoc sensor network protocol

[EN] Communication is the major energy consumption source in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks. Thus, an efficient tradeoff between the energy cost of the communication and network's performance is a key challenge in conceiving a wireless ad-hoc sensor network. In this article, we propose an improved group-based architecture for wireless ad-hoc sensor networks. An optimized group forming procedure and an efficient communication operation are introduced. In order to validate the proposed approach, we suggest a group-based strategy to monitor pharmaceutical drugs during transportation. Real measurements of temperature and vibration were performed to validate the effectiveness of our approach.Khedher, M.; Lloret, J.; Douik, A. (2016). Enhanced group-based wireless ad-hoc sensor network protocol. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 12(7):1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716659427S118127Dargie, W., & Poellabauer, C. (2010). Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks. doi:10.1002/9780470666388Singh, S. P., & Sharma, S. C. (2015). A Survey on Cluster Based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks. Procedia Computer Science, 45, 687-695. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.03.133Liao, Y., Qi, H., & Li, W. (2013). Load-Balanced Clustering Algorithm With Distributed Self-Organization for Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13(5), 1498-1506. doi:10.1109/jsen.2012.2227704Peng, I.-H., & Chen, Y.-W. (2013). Energy consumption bounds analysis and its applications for grid based wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 36(1), 444-451. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2012.04.014Lloret, J., Garcia, M., Tomás, J., & Boronat, F. (2008). GBP-WAHSN: A Group-Based Protocol for Large Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 23(3), 461-480. doi:10.1007/s11390-008-9147-6Lloret, J., García, M., Boronat, F., & Tomás, J. (s. f.). MANET Protocols Performance in Group-based Networks. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 161-172. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-84839-6_13Lloret, J., Garcia, M., & Tomas, J. (s. f.). Improving Mobile and Ad-hoc Networks performance using Group-Based Topologies. Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks II, 209-220. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09441-0_18Lloret, J., Palau, C., Boronat, F., & Tomas, J. (2008). Improving networks using group-based topologies. Computer Communications, 31(14), 3438-3450. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2008.05.030Garcia, M., Sendra, S., Lloret, J., & Canovas, A. (2011). Saving energy and improving communications using cooperative group-based Wireless Sensor Networks. Telecommunication Systems, 52(4), 2489-2502. doi:10.1007/s11235-011-9568-3Garcia, M., & Lloret, J. (2009). A Cooperative Group-Based Sensor Network for Environmental Monitoring. Cooperative Design, Visualization, and Engineering, 276-279. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04265-2_41Shaikh, R. A., Jameel, H., d’ Auriol, B. J., Heejo Lee, Sungyoung Lee, & Young-Jae Song. (2009). Group-Based Trust Management Scheme for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 20(11), 1698-1712. doi:10.1109/tpds.2008.258Chen, Y.-S., Hsu, C.-S., & Lee, H.-K. (2014). An Enhanced Group Mobility Protocol for 6LoWPAN-Based Wireless Body Area Networks. IEEE Sensors Journal, 14(3), 797-807. doi:10.1109/jsen.2013.2287895Yao-Chung Chang, Zhi-Sheng Lin, & Jiann-Liang Chen. (2006). Cluster based self-organization management protocols for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 52(1), 75-80. doi:10.1109/tce.2006.1605028Fazio, P., De Rango, F., Sottile, C., & Santamaria, A. F. (2013). Routing Optimization in Vehicular Networks: A New Approach Based on Multiobjective Metrics and Minimum Spanning Tree. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 9(11), 598675. doi:10.1155/2013/598675Saravanan, M., & Madheswaran, M. (2014). A Hybrid Optimized Weighted Minimum Spanning Tree for the Shortest Intrapath Selection in Wireless Sensor Network. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014, 1-8. doi:10.1155/2014/71342

Overlapping Multi-hop Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks

Clustering is a standard approach for achieving efficient and scalable performance in wireless sensor networks. Traditionally, clustering algorithms aim at generating a number of disjoint clusters that satisfy some criteria. In this paper, we formulate a novel clustering problem that aims at generating overlapping multi-hop clusters. Overlapping clusters are useful in many sensor network applications, including inter-cluster routing, node localization, and time synchronization protocols. We also propose a randomized, distributed multi-hop clustering algorithm (KOCA) for solving the overlapping clustering problem. KOCA aims at generating connected overlapping clusters that cover the entire sensor network with a specific average overlapping degree. Through analysis and simulation experiments we show how to select the different values of the parameters to achieve the clustering process objectives. Moreover, the results show that KOCA produces approximately equal-sized clusters, which allows distributing the load evenly over different clusters. In addition, KOCA is scalable; the clustering formation terminates in a constant time regardless of the network size

Mengenal pasti masalah pemahaman dan hubungannya dengan latar belakang matematik, gaya pembelajaran, motivasi dan minat pelajar terhadap bab pengawalan kos makanan di Sekolah Menengah Teknik (ert) Rembau: satu kajian kes.

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji hubungan korelasi antara latar belakang Matematik, gaya pembelajaran, motivasi dan minat dengan pemahaman pelajar terhadap bab tersebut. Responden adalah seramai 30 orang iaitu terdiri daripada pelajar tingkatan lima kursus Katering, Sekolah Menengah Teknik (ERT) Rembau, Negeri Sembilan. Instrumen kajian adalah soal selidik dan semua data dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS versi 10.0 untuk mendapatkan nilai min dan nilai korelasi bagi memenuhi objektif yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa hubungan korelasi antara gaya pembelajaran pelajar terhadap pemahaman pelajar adalah kuat. Manakala hubungan korelasi antara latar belakang Matematik, motivasi dan minat terhadap pemahaman pelajar adalah sederhana. Nilai tahap min bagi masalah pemahaman pelajar, latar belakang Matematik, gaya pembelajaran, motivasi dan minat terhadap bab Pengawalan Kos Makanan adalah sederhana. Kajian ini mencadangkan penghasilan satu Modul Pembelajaran Kendiri bagi bab Pengawalan Kos Makanan untuk membantu pelajar kursus Katering dalam proses pembelajaran mereka

Secure Clustering in DSN with Key Predistribution and WCDS

This paper proposes an efficient approach of secure clustering in distributed sensor networks. The clusters or groups in the network are formed based on offline rank assignment and predistribution of secret keys. Our approach uses the concept of weakly connected dominating set (WCDS) to reduce the number of cluster-heads in the network. The formation of clusters in the network is secured as the secret keys are distributed and used in an efficient way to resist the inclusion of any hostile entity in the clusters. Along with the description of our approach, we present an analysis and comparison of our approach with other schemes. We also mention the limitations of our approach considering the practical implementation of the sensor networks.Comment: 6 page