A Study of Geocast Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET)

Geocast routing has been comprehensively investigated for consistent and well-organized spreading of information due to growing number of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications favouring geocasting. Freshly, different geocast routing protocol have been developed in vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET). In this paper, a qualitative survey of recent geocast routing protocols and some specific future research issues in geocast routing have been provided. A practical and qualitative explanation of each considered protocols have been presented. All the considered protocols have been relatively characterized. This relative study leads us towards some future research challenges in geocast routing. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150519

Geographic Routing and Location Veri cation for Wireless Networks

This thesis presents the development of a new hybrid location verification-based geographic routing protocol for wireless networks. A characteristic that permeates the thesis is the utilization of a Location Verification System (LVS) within the geographic routing protocol to increase security via enhanced protection against location-spoofing attacks. More specifically, the bandwidth cost of an LVS on the control overhead of a geographical routing protocol is determined. A systematic performance study of this hybrid LVS-based geographic routing protocol is then carried out where the impact of three important mobility models on the scalability performance of the routing protocol is investigated. A focus application network studied is vehicular networks. It is demonstrated that under known channel conditions, the additional control overhead needed for the routing protocol remains scalable. Beyond this, a new solution is provided to the problem of location verification using Cramer-Rao bounds on location accuracy. Compared to known-optimal solutions, this new verification solution has the advantage that it does not depend on a priori information on the probability of any device being malicious. It is further shown that the verification solution proposed provides close to optimal performance over a wide range of anticipated channel conditions, is simple to deploy, and can easily be integrated into any application network. Finally, it is shown that the impact of unknown path loss exponents can be accommodated within the routing protocol without any significant impact on the scalability. The work in this thesis provides a foundational pathway to the real-world utilization of a geographic routing protocol that is secured against the most detrimental effects of location-spoofing attacks