Reconceptualizing the Republic: Diversity and Education in France, 1945–2008

Since the nineteenth century, France, not unlike the United States, has experienced significant immigration and, as a result, great flux. Yet, the French public discourse and policy instruments concerned with ethnic and racial diversities evolved in sharp contrast to those in the United States. Whereas U.S. nation-building incorporated the recognition of ethnoracial identities, with all of its trials and tribulations, the French nation's trajectory assumed a unitary form. Recent developments, however, point to changes in the Republic's projection of its identity and its citizenry. An analysis of school teaching finds that the Republic is now re-envisioned as open and tolerant of diversity, though more from a universalistic, normative perspective—increasingly indexed at the transnational level—than from a perspective that privileges France's immigrant and colonial past. </jats:p

Capalictus, a new subgenus of Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833 from South Africa, with description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae)

Capalictus, a new subgenus of Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae), endemic to the South African Cape Province, is described. The type species is Halictus mosselinus Cockerell, 1945. Evylaeus (Sellalictus) fynbosensis (Pauly et al., 2008) is a new junior synonym of L. (C.) mosselinum. Three new species are described: Lasioglossum (Capalictus) hantamense sp. nov., L. (C.) tigrinum sp. nov. and L. (C.) timmermanni sp. nov. DNA sequence data from three nuclear genes support morphologically-determined species limits. Capalictus is a basal clade of the Hemihalictus series of Lasioglossum

Recent coastline changes of fan-deltas in the Western Gulf of Corinth, Central Greece

Στην παρούσα εργασία επιχειρείται η εκτίμηση των πρόσφατων μεταβολών της ακτογραμμής των δελταϊκών ριπιδίων των ποταμών Φοίνικα, Θολοπόταμο, Λαγκάδι, Μεγανίτα, Σελινούντα, Κερυνίτη και Βουραϊκού, με τη χρήση μεθόδων τηλεπισκόπησης και ΣΓΠ. Τα δελταϊκά αυτά ριπίδια ηλικίας Ανώτερου Ολόκαινου έχουν σχηματισθεί από ποτάμια μεγάλης μορφολογικής κλίσης που αποθέτουν το αδρομερές φορτίο ιζημάτων τους κατά μήκος των νότιων ακτών του δυτικού Κορινθιακού κόλπου (Β. Πελοπόννησος). Για τους σκοπούς της εργασίας δημιουργήθηκε και οργανώθηκε μια ψηφιακή βάση δεδομένων για την περιοχή αποτελούμενη από λεπτομερή (κλίμακας 1:5.000) τοπογραφικά διαγράμματα και γεωμετρικά διορθωμένες και γεωαναφερμένες αεροφωτογραφίες λήψης 1945, 1996 και 2008. Η σύγκριση των ακτογραμμών των δελταϊκών ριπιδίων κατά τα έτη 1945, 1996 και 2008 οδήγησε στον προσδιορισμό των τμημάτων της ακτογραμμής πουυπόκεινται σε διάβρωση καθώς και εκείνων που προελαύνουν. Η κύρια διεργασία κατά μήκος του μεγαλύτερου μήκους της ακτογραμμής είναι η διάβρωση. Ομεγαλύτερος ρυθμός διάβρωσης ήταν 2,44 m/έτος (μεταξύ των ετών 1945 και 1996) και σημειώθηκε περίπου 150 m δυτικά των εκβολών του ποταμού Φοίνικα. Αντίθετα οι υψηλότεροι ρυθμοί προέλασης μετά το 1945 ήταν 3,10 και 3,00 m/έτος και σημειώθηκαν στις περιοχές των ενεργών εκβολών των ποταμών Βουραϊκού και Σελινούντα αντίστοιχα.This study deals with the assessment of recent shoreline change rates along the fandeltas of Finix, Tholopotamo, Lagadi, Meganitas, Selinous, Kerinitis, and Vouraikos streams by using GIS and Remote Sensing techniques. These Late Holocene fandeltas have been formed by high gradient braided streams that deposit their coarse sediment load along the southern coast (North Peloponnese) of the western Gulf of Corinth. For the purposes of the study a spatial database was constructed, organized and implemented consisting of analogue detailed (at the scale of 1:5000) topographic diagrams, and orthorectified aerial photos taken in 1945, 1996 and 2008. Comparisons of fan-deltas shoreline positions for the periods 1945 vs. 1996 and 1945 vs. 2008 were made and the segments of the coastline along the aprons of the fan-deltas which are subject to erosion accretion were defined. Coastal erosion is the main dominant geomorphic process along a significant part of the fan deltas coastline. The highest retreat rate value (2.44 m/yr for the period 1945-1996) was estimated for the Finix stream fan delta, about 150 m west of the river mouth, while the highest accretion rates since 1945 (3.10 and 3.00 m/yr) occurred at the mouths of Vouraikos and Selinous rivers respectively

Book Review: Uneven Ground: Appalachia Since 1945

Review of the book Uneven Ground: Appalachia Since 1945, by Ronald D. Eller. Lexington, KY: The University Press ofKentucky, 2008

La Politique Économique en Débat : Une Approche Critique

Cet Article est une analyse critique des politiques économiques depuis 1945. Il s’articule autour de quatre moments clefs : De 1945 à 1980 : le keynésianisme, connaissant son apogée aux années 1940 et 1960, commence à s’essouffler depuis le début des années 1970, laissant place à une contre-révolution libérale. De 1980 à 2008 : Une pensée post-consensus de Washington nourrit les critiques contre les thérapeutiques proposées par les institutions de Bretton Woods et remet en question l'hégémonie doctrinale de ces dernières. Le monde après la crise financière de 2008 : malgré des politiques de relance budgétaires temporaires, un nouveau consensus pour la rigueur budgétaire s’installe. L’économie mondiale depuis la COVID : le keynésianisme renaît de ses cendres avec le retour des plans de relance, alors que le monde peine à rembourser sa dette COVID. Récemment, les politiques de normalisation monétaire s’imposent. &nbsp; This article is a critical analysis of economic policies since 1945. It revolves around four key moments: From 1945 to 1980: Keynesianism, reaching its peak in the 1940s and 1960s, started to decline in the early 1970s, giving way to a liberal counter-revolution. From 1980 to 2008: A post-Washington Consensus thinking fueled critiques against the proposed therapies by Bretton Woods institutions and questioned their doctrinal hegemony. The world after the 2008 financial crisis: Despite temporary budgetary stimulus policies, a new consensus for fiscal austerity emerged. The global economy since COVID: Keynesianism rises from the ashes with the return of stimulus plans, while the world struggles to repay its COVID debt. Recently, policies for monetary normalization have come to the fore

La Politique Économique en Débat : Une Approche Critique

Cet Article est une analyse critique des politiques économiques depuis 1945. Il s’articule autour de quatre moments clefs : De 1945 à 1980 : le keynésianisme, connaissant son apogée aux années 1940 et 1960, commence à s’essouffler depuis le début des années 1970, laissant place à une contre-révolution libérale. De 1980 à 2008 : Une pensée post-consensus de Washington nourrit les critiques contre les thérapeutiques proposées par les institutions de Bretton Woods et remet en question l'hégémonie doctrinale de ces dernières. Le monde après la crise financière de 2008 : malgré des politiques de relance budgétaires temporaires, un nouveau consensus pour la rigueur budgétaire s’installe. L’économie mondiale depuis la COVID : le keynésianisme renaît de ses cendres avec le retour des plans de relance, alors que le monde peine à rembourser sa dette COVID. Récemment, les politiques de normalisation monétaire s’imposent. &nbsp; This article is a critical analysis of economic policies since 1945. It revolves around four key moments: From 1945 to 1980: Keynesianism, reaching its peak in the 1940s and 1960s, started to decline in the early 1970s, giving way to a liberal counter-revolution. From 1980 to 2008: A post-Washington Consensus thinking fueled critiques against the proposed therapies by Bretton Woods institutions and questioned their doctrinal hegemony. The world after the 2008 financial crisis: Despite temporary budgetary stimulus policies, a new consensus for fiscal austerity emerged. The global economy since COVID: Keynesianism rises from the ashes with the return of stimulus plans, while the world struggles to repay its COVID debt. Recently, policies for monetary normalization have come to the fore

Zwischen Regimetreue und Distanz : Frankfurter Wissenschaftler im Nationalsozialismus

Rezension zu: Jörn Kobes / Jan-Otmar Hesse (Hrsg.) : Frankfurter Wissenschaftler 1933 bis 1945 (Schriftenreihe des Frankfurter Universitätsarchivs, Bd. 1.) Göttingen, Wallstein 2008, 258 Seiten, 29 Eur

ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI MENGENAI PENGUJIAN UNDANG – UNDANG PENGESAHAN PIAGAM ASEAN TERHADAP UNDANG – UNDANG DASAR NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1945

Pengujian Undang - Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengesahan ASEAN Charter dimohonkan ke Mahkamah Konstitusi, karena Pasal 1 ayat (5) dan Pasal 2 ayat (2) huruf n dianggap bertentangan dengan Pasal 27 ayat (2) dan Pasal 33 ayat (1) Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Permasalahannya Undang &ndash; Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengesahan ASEAN Charter memiliki ciri tersendiri dari Undang &ndash; Undang pada umumnya antara lain, materi muatan&nbsp; Undang - Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 hanya terdiri dari 2 pasal serta lampirannya merupakan ASEAN Charter. Berdasarkan ciri khusus serta dissenting opinion 2 (dua) dari 9 (sembilan) hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi (Maria Farida Indrati dan Hamdan Zoelva) seharusnya Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan permohonan pemohon tidak dapat diterima, karena Undang - Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 secara formil dan materiil berbeda dengan Undang &ndash; Undang pada umumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan Undang - Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengesahan ASEAN Charter terhadap Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, serta mengkaji putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Putusan Nomor 33/PUU-IX/2011 telah tepat atau belum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum Normatif. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini didapatkan dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur dan juga didapatkan dari internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Undang &ndash; Undang&nbsp; Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 secara formil dalam hierarki Peraturan Perundang - undangan berada di bawah Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, namun secara materiil atau &nbsp;menyangkut substansi materinya berbeda dengan undang-undang pada umumnya. Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak berwenang menguji undang-undang hasil ratifikasi perjanjian internasional dan seharusnya menjatuhkan putusan tidak dapat diterima terhadap pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengesahan Piagam ASEAN. Kata Kunci: &nbsp;Ratifikasi, Piagam ASEAN, Pengujian Undang &ndash; Undang &nbsp; Abstract Judicial Review of Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Ratification of ASEAN Charter petitioned to Constitutional Court. Is because article 1 paragraph 5 and article 2 paragraph 2 letter n is considered contrary against article 27 paragraph 2 dan article 33 paragraph 1 of Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. The problems that the Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Ratification of ASEAN Charter has different characteristic toward the general act. Law Number 38 Year 2008 only consists of 2 articles and its annex is ASEAN Charter. Based on the special characteristic and dissenting opinion of 2 (two) constitutional court judges (Maria Farida Indrati and Hamdan Zoelva) Constitutional Court should declare petition is not acceptable, because Law Number 38 Year 2008 in formally and materially different from general act. This research aims to review legal position of Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Ratification of ASEAN Charter against Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, as well as analyzing Constitutional Court decision Number 33/PUU-IX/2011 related Judicial Review on Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Ratification of ASEAN Charter have done exactly or not. This research is a normative legal search. Approaches used in this research are the statute approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. Technique of legal material collection in this research is by literature study on legal regulation, literature and also from internet. &nbsp;The Results of research show that Law Number 38 Year 2008 formally in hierarchy of legal norm reside in below Undang &ndash; Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, but materially or concerning the material subtance is different from general act. Constitutional Court hasn&rsquo;t competence to review ratification of treaties act and should declare petition as not acceptable to review Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Ratification of ASEAN Charter. Keywords: Ratification, ASEAN Charter, Judicial Revie