Chromosome composition of the intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.

<p><b>Note:</b> Since small variation of chromosome counts can occur due to the loss or the overlapping of a few chromosomes from the preparation, the modal number of chromosomes and the range of total numbers of chromosomes in 2n cell are presented for the sugarcane clones analyzed. S and E indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome, respectively. S/E and E/S indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. centromere with <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome segment and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> centromere with <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome segment, respectively.</p><p>Chromosome composition of the intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p

The intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.

<p><b>Note</b>: “YCE” series are the progeny of <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>, the other plant materials are the commercial cultivars containing germplasm from <i>Saccharum</i> spp. without contribution from <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p><p>The intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p

GISH analysis of the intergeneric BC₂ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>. <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosomes are visualized in red and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosomes in green.

<p>(A) YCE03-01: 2n = 119 = 105S + 14E; (B) YCE03-06: 2n = 119 = 105S + 14E; (C) YCE03-16: 2n = 113 = 100S + 13E; (D) YCE03-168: 2n = 111 = 100S + 10E + E/S; (E) YCE03-218: 2n = 107 = 97S + 10E; (F) YCE03-249: 2n = 110 = 97S + 13E; (G) YCE03-378: 2n = 121 = 104S + 16E + S/E; (H) YCE04-55: 2n = 111 = 98S + 13E; (I) YCE05-179: 2n = 112 = 99S + 13E. The arrowheads in Fig 1D and Fig 1G show the translocated chromosome. S and E indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome, respectively. S/E and E/S indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. centromere with <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome segment and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> centromere with <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome segment, respectively. Scale bars: 5 μm.</p

Characterization of Chromosome Inheritance of the Intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ Progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>Erianthus arundinaceus</i>

<div><p><i>Erianthus arundinaceus</i> (<i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>) has many desirable agronomic traits for sugarcane improvement, such as high biomass, vigor, rationing ability, tolerance to drought, and water logging, as well as resistance to pests and disease. To investigate the introgression of the <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> genome into sugarcane in the higher generations, intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny generated between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> were studied using the genomic <i>in situ</i> hybridization (GISH) technique. The results showed that the BC₂ and BC₃ generations resulted from n + n chromosome transmission. Furthermore, chromosome translocation occurred at terminal fragments from the <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome in some progeny of <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>. Notably, the translocated chromosomes could be stably transmitted to their progeny. This study illustrates the characterization of chromosome inheritance of the intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>. This work could provide more useful molecular cytogenetic information for the germplasm resources of <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>, and may promote further understanding of the germplasm resources of <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> for sugarcane breeders to accelerate its progress in sugarcane commercial breeding.</p></div

GISH analysis of the intergeneric BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>. <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosomes are visualized in red and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosomes in green.

<p>(A) YCE05-64: 2n = 118 = 107S + 6E + 2(E/S)+3(S/E); (B) YCE05-150: 2n = 116 = 108S + 8E; (C) YCE06-61: 2n = 114 = 107S + 7E; (D) YCE06-63: 2n = 105 = 98S + 7E; (E) YCE06-92: 2n = 118 = 109S + 7E + 2(E/S); (F) YCE06-111: 2n = 108 = 103S + 4E + E/S; (G) YCE06-140: 2n = 112 = 106S + 5E + S/E; (H) YCE06-166: 2n = 110 = 105S + 5E. The arrowheads in Fig 2A, Fig 2E, Fig 2F and Fig 2G show the translocated chromosome. S and E indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome, respectively. S/E and E/S indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. centromere with <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome segment and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> centromere with <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome segment, respectively. Scale bars: 5 μm.</p

Chromosome composition of the intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.

<p><b>Note:</b> Since small variation of chromosome counts can occur due to the loss or the overlapping of a few chromosomes from the preparation, the modal number of chromosomes and the range of total numbers of chromosomes in 2n cell are presented for the sugarcane clones analyzed. S and E indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome, respectively. S/E and E/S indicate <i>Saccharum</i> spp. centromere with <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> chromosome segment and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i> centromere with <i>Saccharum</i> spp. chromosome segment, respectively.</p><p>Chromosome composition of the intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p

The intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.

<p><b>Note</b>: “YCE” series are the progeny of <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>, the other plant materials are the commercial cultivars containing germplasm from <i>Saccharum</i> spp. without contribution from <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p><p>The intergeneric BC₂ and BC₃ progeny between <i>Saccharum</i> spp. and <i>E</i>. <i>arundinaceus</i>.</p

Analysis of nrDNA-ITS sequences.

<p>“······” represents sequences that are identical to that of Badila. Only base mutations are shown.</p

Electrophoretogram of nrDNA-ITS PCR products.

<p>M: 100 bp DNA ladder marker. Lanes 1–5: Badila, VN cattle cane, Loethers, Crystalina, Cheribon, respectively, belong to <i>S</i>. <i>officinarum</i>. Lanes 6–10: 57NG208, 51NG63, NG77-004, 28NG21, Daye, respectively, belong to <i>S</i>. <i>robustum</i>. Lanes 11–20: YN75-2-11, YN82-110, YN83-160, FJ89-1-1, YN83-201, YN82-44, YN83-171, GZ78-2-28, FJ88-1-13, FJ89-1-19, respectively, belong to <i>S</i>. <i>spontaneum</i>.</p

nrDNA-ITS PCR reaction mixture.

<p>nrDNA-ITS PCR reaction mixture.</p