Challenges of the optimization of a high-speed induction machine for naval applications †

open10siopenButicchi G.; Gerada D.; Alberti L.; Galea M.; Wheeler P.; Bozhko S.; Peresada S.; Zhang H.; Zhang C.; Gerada C.Buticchi, G.; Gerada, D.; Alberti, L.; Galea, M.; Wheeler, P.; Bozhko, S.; Peresada, S.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, C.; Gerada, C

A Hybrid Method for Predicting Traffic Congestion during Peak Hours in the Subway System of Shenzhen

Traffic congestion, especially during peak hours, has become a challenge for transportation systems in many metropolitan areas, and such congestion causes delays and negative effects for passengers. Many studies have examined the prediction of congestion however, these studies focus mainly on road traffic, and subway transit, which is the main form of transportation in densely populated cities, such as Tokyo, Paris, and Beijing and Shenzhen in China, has seldom been examined. This study takes Shenzhen as a case study for predicting congestion in a subway system during peak hours and proposes a hybrid method that combines a static traffic assignment model with an agent-based dynamic traffic simulation model to estimate recurrent congestion in this subway system. The homes and work places of the residents in this city are collected and taken to represent the traffic demand for the subway system of Shenzhen. An origin-destination (OD) matrix derived from the data is used as an input in this method of predicting traffic, and the traffic congestion is presented in simulations. To evaluate the predictions, data on the congestion condition of subway segments that are released daily by the Shenzhen metro operation microblog are used as a reference, and a comparative analysis indicates the appropriateness of the proposed method. This study could be taken as an example for similar studies that model subway traffic in other cities. Document type: Articl

Structure and dynamics studies of proteins using solid-state NMR

Solid-state NMR serves as a powerful method for investigating atomic-level details of insoluble biomolecules, enabling the determination of protein 3D structures and probing molecular motions across a broad range of timescales. In this thesis, I present structural studies on a novel heterotypic and functional amyloid, dynamics studies, and chemical shift anisotropy studies of a microcrystalline protein, ubiquitin. In Chapter 1, I provide a summary of the main interactions in solid-state NMR and discuss relevant pulse sequences employed in this thesis. Chapter 2 briefly explores the characteristic properties of amyloids, highlighting well-studied examples of disease-related and functional amyloids. Special treatments employed in amyloid structure determination using solid-state NMR are also summarized. Chapter 3 presents structural studies on a heterotypic functional amyloid, mcmvM45-hsRIPK3, where M45 is a protein encoded by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and RIPK3 is from humans. Both M45 and RIPK3 belong to a family of RHIM-containing proteins, which are involved in innate immunity and immune response through necroptosis. SSNMR data on various isotopically labeled samples enable the chemical shift assignment for both M45 and RIPK3, providing intra- and inter-molecular contacts. By combining these constraints, we calculate the structure of the hetero-amyloid M45-RIPK3, reporting two structures distinct from RIPK1-RIPK3. In Chapter 4, I measure backbone 15N-13CO order parameters of microcrystalline ubiquitin using DCP-REDOR. Two isotopically labeled samples, 1-13C-glucose and 1,3-13C-glycerol, D₂O labeled, are studied and compared, identifying mobile residues and assessing the effect of isotropic labeling on the measurements of backbone 15N-13Co order parameters. Experimental order parameters are compared with a 1μs MD simulation for insights. Chapter 5 focuses on the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) of uniformly labeled microcrystalline ubiquitin using a novel pulse sequence allowing the measurement of large CSAs under practical conditions. We explore CSA parameter trends, correlations between isotropic shifts, and hydrogen bond geometries. Comparison with solution-NMR results demonstrates high consistencies with asymmetry parameters (η), providing insights into the motion modes of microcrystalline proteins alongside order parameter measurements. Chapter 6 provides a comprehensive summary of the conclusions drawn from the preceding chapters, while also outlining future directions for each project