BASIC CONCEPTS OF EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION ALONG WITH RELATED ADMINISTRATIVE STUDIES

Sematically educational supervision is coaching in the form of guidance or guidance towards improving the educational situation in general and improving the quality of teaching and learning and learning in particular. In general, educational administration contains various purposes that are tailored to the field and science of administration, one of which is educational administration. Every administration implementation is always directed towards the goals and objectives to be achieved. When coupled with the context of the purpose of educational administration, the role of administration is used as a supporter of the success of the implementation of education to achieve educational goals. Educational Administration deals with all materials, teacher personnel, planning, cooperation, leadership, curriculum, and student affairs and others. Everything can be managed properly if there is good educational administration, firm leadership, and it is impossible to achieve unwanted goals. If there is no good educational administration, it is impossible for everything to go well. Administration is also the main source of management in managing the teaching and learning process in an orderly manner so that the achievement of the most important goals in educational institutions and Educational Administration does not only discuss notes, finances, but how we can carry out the organizational process according to what we have planned. effectively and efficiently. Education Administration Services in schools, it can be said that they are well supported by the existence of services (1) Curriculum administration services, (2) Public Relations administration services, students at the acceptance of new students, (3) Facilities and infrastructure administration services, (4) ) Financial management, (5) Student administration services  through online which can be accessed through the Basic Education Data application. (3) Managerial Supervision in Improving Educational Administration Services in schools, with managerial supervision carried out by supervisors who have work programs in each section of educational administration services can improve the performance of educational administration services. By assessing, monitoring and fostering educational administration services in schools

A Study in the Use of Psychological Tests in Determining Effectiveness and Ineffectiveness Among Practicing School Administrators

Introduction: In 1952 the Department of Educational Administration and Supervision of the University of Tennessee undertook a cooperative research project with the Southern States Cooperative Program in Educational Administration (since 1952 the name of the organization has been changed to Associated Programs in Educational Administration). Generally speaking, the central aim of the project was, and is, the improvement of educational leadership in the Southern States Region. To be more specific, the aims of the project at the University of Tennessee are probably best stated in terms of its original purposes

Pelaksanaan Supervisi Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran

Success in the realm of education can not only be measured based on the end result, but it is more essential to understand and study the effectiveness of the implementation of school management functions, including planning, implementation, evaluation and RTL (follow-up plan). Supervision of education, as a process of supervision and guidance, aims to improve the quality of education in educational institutions. The focus of this article is the implementation of educational supervision carried out by the principal and supervisory team at SMP Nurul Ilmi Darunnajah. This study used qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation.  The results of this study cover several aspects, including: 1) The principal conducts supervision which includes two things, namely teacher administration and teaching and learning process activities, 2) Supervision brings significant benefits to teachers in handling various educational problems during learning, while providing motivation to teachers to continue to improve their knowledge, making them professional teachers in carrying out learning,  3) The headmaster faces obstacles in supervision, especially related to overlapping activitie

Improvement of Supervision for Vocational High Schools in Taiwan, Republic of China

The purpose of the study was to investigate the problems involved in current supervision of vocational high schools in the Republic of China and propose methods of improving such supervision. Emphasis was placed on the supervision of teaching and administration in the field of vocational education. A review of related literature revealed that supervision was a synthesis of curriculum, instruction, administration, human relationships, management, and leadership. Supervision should stimulate, coordinate, and guide vocational high school teaching. A questionnaire was developed to gain information concerning supervisory problems administrators and technical faculty perceived, and the ways supervision could be improved. The questionnaire was mailed to 144 respondents who included principals, deans of study, chiefs of practice, chiefs of departments, and technical teachers in vocational high schools. A response rate of seventy-six percent was obtained. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages were utilized. In cases when applicable, a mean score was indicated. It was found that At least ninety-two percent of all the respondents reported that the supervisors had an acceptable attitude for proper supervision and the school personnel treated them cooperatively. Although at least seventy-seven percent of all the respondents reported supervision had a positive effect on both instruction and administration, supervisors put additional emphasis on the general administrative affairs. Respondents indicated that the most appropriate proportion of administrative supervision to instructional supervision should be even. More than one-half of all the respondents reported that to be the most effective, supervisors should be divided into administrative supervisors and instructional supervisors. Moreover, supervisors should be divided generally into several departments according to vocational areas. The following suggestions were offered to appropriate personnel for supervisors: (a) select administrators in schools and professors (b) have the supervision assigned to someone within the school (c) organize teams for supervision (d) set up a Guidance Center for vocational education. Related courses about the supervision of vocational education should be developed . Only school personnel should be made aware of the results of supervisory school visits. Finally, six suggestions for policies and the other twelve suggestions for implementing policies were recommended to the concerned educational authorities. Those for policies were as follows: Establish an official division of supervision to enhance its function. Give the same emphasis to supervision of both administration and instruction. Put appropriate emphasis on the supervision of vocational education. Utilize supervisors who have a major in supervision as well as vocational education. Plan and implement a licensing system for supervisors. Set up a new subject of vocational educational supervisors for the High Civil Service Examination

Improvement of Supervision for Vocational High Schools in Taiwan, Republic of China

The purpose of the study was to investigate the problems involved in current supervision of vocational high schools in the Republic of China and propose methods of improving such supervision. Emphasis was placed on the supervision of teaching and administration in the field of vocational education. A review of related literature revealed that supervision was a synthesis of curriculum, instruction, administration, human relationships, management, and leadership. Supervision should stimulate, coordinate, and guide vocational high school teaching. A questionnaire was developed to gain information concerning supervisory problems administrators and technical faculty perceived, and the ways supervision could be improved. The questionnaire was mailed to 144 respondents who included principals, deans of study, chiefs of practice, chiefs of departments, and technical teachers in vocational high schools. A response rate of seventy-six percent was obtained. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages were utilized. In cases when applicable, a mean score was indicated. It was found that At least ninety-two percent of all the respondents reported that the supervisors had an acceptable attitude for proper supervision and the school personnel treated them cooperatively. Although at least seventy-seven percent of all the respondents reported supervision had a positive effect on both instruction and administration, supervisors put additional emphasis on the general administrative affairs. Respondents indicated that the most appropriate proportion of administrative supervision to instructional supervision should be even. More than one-half of all the respondents reported that to be the most effective, supervisors should be divided into administrative supervisors and instructional supervisors. Moreover, supervisors should be divided generally into several departments according to vocational areas. The following suggestions were offered to appropriate personnel for supervisors: (a) select administrators in schools and professors (b) have the supervision assigned to someone within the school (c) organize teams for supervision (d) set up a Guidance Center for vocational education. Related courses about the supervision of vocational education should be developed . Only school personnel should be made aware of the results of supervisory school visits. Finally, six suggestions for policies and the other twelve suggestions for implementing policies were recommended to the concerned educational authorities. Those for policies were as follows: Establish an official division of supervision to enhance its function. Give the same emphasis to supervision of both administration and instruction. Put appropriate emphasis on the supervision of vocational education. Utilize supervisors who have a major in supervision as well as vocational education. Plan and implement a licensing system for supervisors. Set up a new subject of vocational educational supervisors for the High Civil Service Examination

Shedding Light on the Phenomenon of Supervision Traveling Incognito: A Field’s Struggles for Visibility

As a field of study, supervision has gone through a tumultuous history and continues to struggle for visibility. Its principles related to teaching and learning are often discussed, yet the term supervision has been controversial more than once. For a variety of reasons, historically and conceptually, supervision has traveled incognito under several guises. In this article, the history of supervision is explored as it relates to its ties with educational administration, curriculum, and more recently instructional leadership to explain its absence from the research literature, and to present implications for supervision as a field of study. An understanding of this incognito phenomenon and its struggles for visibility will help current and future scholars and practitioners to maintain the use of the term supervision, and to clarify the definition of supervision

Problems with Educational Administration in Nigeria and the Way forward

Objectives: This paper discussed the problems facing educational administration in Nigeria. Methods: The paper employed used of both secondary and primary data to support points raised. The data were sources from national and international dailies, published, unpublished papers and articles and reference materials. Content analysis was adopted for the paper. Conclusion: This paper concluded inadequate funding, shortage of professional teachers, inadequate infrastructural facilities, corruption, insecurity, lack of current data, poor supervision and weak administrators are the problems facing educational administration in Nigeria. Recommendations: The government should increase the funding of education, provide more infrastructural facilities and employ more professional teachers in all the educational institutions

INCREASING PERSONALITY COMPETENCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS, THROUGH EDUCATION SUPERVISION ACTIVITIES IN BOGOR CITY

Supervision in schools must be carried out by all educators and principals, so they must be able to carry out various supervision and controls to improve teacher performance. Supervision and control are preventive measures to prevent teachers from making irregularities and be more careful in carrying out their work as educators. Therefore, the implementation of Community Service will help reveal supervision activities carried out in the school. The activities carried out by Community Service are 1. The focus of Community Service activities in supervising education conducted in schools can be identified in two ways, namely; supervision activities involving teacher administration and teaching and learning activities, 2. Community Service activities, supervision will be very helpful for teachers in solving educational problems faced by teachers during learning and can provide motivation for teachers to always increase their knowledge to become teachers. professionals in carrying out learning, 3. Through Community Service, these obstacles in supervision can be solved by several joint solutions

Factors relating to patronage of purchasing cooperatives by 107 Middle Tennessee farmers

Many students divide the administration of cooperative associations into two distinct parts or functions. J. W. Jones’¹ divisions are as follows: “First, business administration, which includes financing, processing and merchandising the commodities handled, and supervision of credits and collections and second, membership administration which includes the maintenance of agreeable human relationships.” Membership relations have been an area of great importance in cooperative associations as well as in other business organizations. J. P. Warbasse² in his book, Problems of Cooperation, considers the errors of educational and social work real causes of the failure of many societies