Gliosarcoma: A Reappraisal of Neuroradiological, Surgical, Morphological, and Radiotherapeutic Characteristics of a Cohort From South Italy Single-Center

Abstract

Gliosarcoma (GS) is a rare and aggressive variant of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), characterized by a biphasic histopathological pattern featuring both glial and mesenchymal components. Accounting for 2% of all GBM cases, this brain tumor is known for its poor prognosis, rapid progression, and resistance to conventional treatments. Despite advances in molecular profiling and multimodal treatment strategies, GS remains a therapeutic challenge due to their highly invasive nature and limited response to standard regimens. The purpose of this study was to characterize the neuroradiological, surgical, clinicopathological, and radiotherapeutic profiles of a cohort of patients affected by GS, including two recurrences of disease