Youth Participation in Religious Study Circles: A Psychosocial Analysis Based on Self-Determination Theory in Sawarna Timur Village

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the psychosocial factors influencing the low participation of youth in religious study groups (pengajian) in Sawarna Timur Village and to identify possible strategies for strengthening their engagement. The research employs a qualitative method using a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with youth participants, religious leaders, and local village officials. The findings indicate that although young people generally perceive religious study groups as an important source of moral guidance and religious knowledge, their level of participation remains relatively low. This condition is influenced by several psychosocial factors. Internal factors include limited intrinsic motivation, lack of personal interest, and the perception that religious activities are less appealing compared to other activities. Meanwhile, external factors involve the limited relevance of the learning materials to youth issues, monotonous teaching methods, and strong competition with digital entertainment and social media. Analysis based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) shows that increasing youth participation requires the fulfillment of three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. When these needs are accommodated through more participatory, contextual, and interactive learning models, youth engagement tends to increase. Therefore, this study recommends the development of religious study programs that are adaptive to youth culture and capable of strengthening religious values and social cohesion within the community.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor psikososial yang menyebabkan rendahnya partisipasi generasi muda dalam kegiatan pengajian di Desa Sawarna Timur serta mengeksplorasi strategi pengembangannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan pemuda, tokoh agama, serta perangkat desa setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun generasi muda memandang pengajian sebagai pedoman moral yang penting, tingkat partisipasi mereka masih rendah. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa rendahnya motivasi intrinsik, serta faktor eksternal seperti materi pengajian yang kurang relevan, metode penyampaian yang monoton, dan persaingan dengan aktivitas hiburan digital. Analisis berdasarkan Self-Determination Theory (SDT) menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan partisipasi generasi muda memerlukan pemenuhan tiga kebutuhan psikologis dasar, yaitu otonomi (autonomy), kompetensi (competence), dan keterhubungan sosial (relatedness). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan model pengembangan pengajian yang lebih adaptif, interaktif, dan kontekstual guna memperkuat regenerasi nilai-nilai keagamaan serta kohesi sosial masyarakat di tengah tantangan modernitas.&nbsp