Optimization of Suri alpaca fibre classification using a multivariate pre‑classification method in the northern zone of Puno, Peru

Abstract

Este estudio desarrolló un método de preclasificación objetiva de fibra de alpaca Suri mediante análisis estadístico multivariado. Se evaluaron 2792 muestras de fibra de 698 vellones provenientes de nueve distritos de la zona norte de Puno, utilizando el analizador óptico del diámetro de fibra OFDA 2000®. El análisis de componentes principales (PCA) identificó cuatro componentes que explicaron más del 80% de la varianza total, mientras que el análisis de agrupamiento K-means reveló tres clústeres con diferencias en todas las características tecnológicas evaluadas (p<0.05). El Clúster I se caracterizó por un diámetro de fibra DF = 22.91 ± 1.75 μm, desviación estándar del diámetro DED = 5.95 ± 1.07 μm, factor de confort FC = 90.49 ± 4.6%, índice de curvatura IC = 17.38 ± 3.20 °/mm y longitud de mecha LM = 123 ± 34.65 mm. El Clúster II agrupó fibras más finas caracterizadas por DF = 18.81 ± 1.60 μm, DED = 5.06 ± 0.92 μm, FC = 97.16 ± 1.87%, IC = 21.11 ± 4.61°/mm y LM = 108.35 ± 32.79 mm, en tanto que, el Clúster III agrupó a fibras más gruesas DF = 28.09 ± 3.19 μm, DED = 8.40 ± 1.82 μm, FC = 69.99 ± 14.97%, IC = 15.55 ± 3.30 °/mm y LM = 124.85 ± 37.49 mm. La metodología estadística multivariada ofrece una alternativa objetiva, versátil y económica permitiendo optimizar el proceso de clasificación de fibra y sus procesos textiles.This study developed an objective pre-classification method for Suri alpaca fibre using multivariate statistical analysis. A total of 2792 fibre samples from 698 fleeces originating from nine districts in the northern Puno region were evaluated using the OFDA 2000® optical fibre diameter analyser. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified four components that explained more than 80% of the total variance, while K-means clustering analysis revealed three clusters with differences in all evaluated technological characteristics (p<0.05). Cluster I was characterized by a fibre diameter FD = 22.91 ± 1.75 μm, diameter standard deviation DSD = 5.95 ± 1.07 μm, comfort factor CF = 90.49 ± 4.6%, curvature index CI = 17.38 ± 3.20 °/mm, and staple length SL = 123 ± 34.65 mm. Cluster II grouped finer fibres characterized by FD = 18.81 ± 1.60 μm, DSD = 5.06 ± 0.92 μm, CF = 97.16 ± 1.87%, CI = 21.11 ± 4.61 °/mm, and SL = 108.35 ± 32.79 mm, while Cluster III grouped coarser fibres with FD = 28.09 ± 3.19 μm, DSD = 8.40 ± 1.82 μm, CF = 69.99 ± 14.97%, CI = 15.55 ± 3.30 °/mm, and SL = 124.85 ± 37.49 mm. Multivariate statistical methodology offers an objective, versatile and economical alternative, allowing for the optimization of the fibre classification process and its textile processes

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