Delivering Food, Exercise, and Nutrition Education for the Prevention of Chronic Disease

Abstract

Chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases, cancer, and stroke pose significant health challenges in the United States, with Arkansas experiencing some of the highest rates of related mortality. This project aimed to improve health literacy related to nutrition and physical activity among adults at risk for chronic disease in Arkansas, focusing on those living independently in Ozark, Ouachita, and Delta regions, as well as cooperative extension agents in Family & Consumer Sciences. Using a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and focus groups, the study explored participants’ nutrition knowledge, health awareness, physical activity engagement, and preferred methods of receiving health information. Results revealed distinct differences between community members and extension agents in information sources and delivery preferences, with community members favoring social media formats and agents relying on established educational materials. Challenges related to trustworthiness and the need for easily accessible, evidence-backed information were identified. Findings highlight the importance of tailoring health education programs to meet the diverse needs and preferences of Arkansans at risk for chronic disease. Recommendations for future research include conducting in-person focus groups, organizing participants by age to better understand generational differences, and incorporating objective measures to complement self-reported data. This research contributes to the development of effective, community-informed strategies to prevent chronic diseases through improved nutrition and physical activity education in Arkansas