Effects of Sapodilla Leaf Extract (Manilkara zapota L.) Administration on the Histopathological Presentation of Kidney Tubules and Glomeruli in Alloxan-Induced Mice

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels or insulin deficiency. Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota L.) leaves are known to be potentially utilized as an alternative remedy for diabetes. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of Sapodilla leaf extract on the improvement of histopathological presentation of kidneys in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.Methods: This research used 3 months old male mice weighing 25-35g. A total of 25 mice were used, with 5 mice per each group. The treatments employed included P1 (Sapodilla leaf extract at a dosage of 100 mg/kg BW), P2 (Sapodilla leaf extract at a dosage of 300 mg/kg BW), K+ (Pioglitazone at a dosage of 2 mg/kg BW), K0 (No treatment administered), and K- (Diabetic control). Kidney sample collection was conducted on the 14th day after therapy administration. Histopathological samples were examined using a trinocular microscope. Data analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis method, followed by the Mann-Whitney test.Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test with the parameter of necrosis indicate a p-value of .001. The degeneration of cells shows a p-value of .001, while congestion shows a p-value of .001 as well. The Mann-Whitney test was conducted on the parameters of necrosis, cell degeneration, and congestion. The results indicated that the P1 treatment group was not significantly different from the P2 and K+ groups for cell degeneration and congestion; however, a significant difference was observed between P1 and K+ for the necrosis parameter.Conclusion: The study concludes the data analysis revealed that the administration of sapodilla leaf extract can ameliorate kidney damage in diabetic mice induced with alloxan. Keywords: Alloxan; Diabetes; Kidney Histopathology; Sapodilla leaf extrac