Nurse / technician in the implementation of inclusive supplements within integrated care and their impact on healthcare quality care

Abstract

Uvod: Suvremeni zdravstveni sustavi sve se više oslanjaju na načela integrirane i inkluzivne skrbi, s ciljem pružanja sveobuhvatne i pacijentu prilagođene zdravstvene usluge. Inkluzivni dodaci poput psihološke podrške, nutricionističkih savjeta, rehabilitacijskih usluga i socijalne pomoći postaju ključni elementi holističkog pristupa. Medicinske sestre i tehničari kao glavne osobe u sustavu zdravstvene njege imaju važnu ulogu u implementaciji tih dodataka. Istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem ispitivanja njihove informiranosti, učestalosti primjene, prepreka i percepcije važnosti inkluzivnih dodataka u kontekstu integrirane skrbi. Metode: U istraživanju je korišten kvantitativni pristup putem strukturiranog anketnog upitnika koji je distribuiran zdravstvenim djelatnicima različitih ustanova. Ukupno je sudjelovalo 102 ispitanika. Upitnik je sadržavao demografske podatke, stavove o inkluzivnim dodacima, iskustva u multidisciplinarnim timovima te percepciju dostupnosti i koristi dodataka u svakodnevnoj praksi. Prikupljeni podaci analizirani su deskriptivno i korelacijski kako bi se ispitala međuzavisnost između radnog staža i primjene dodataka. Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali da je 41% ispitanika djelomično upoznato s pojmom inkluzivnih dodataka, dok ih 28% uopće nije upoznato. Unatoč tome što 85% sudionika smatra da dodaci značajno ili vrlo značajno poboljšavaju ishode liječenja, njih 41% ih uopće ne koristi. Također, samo 5% ispitanika smatra da su dodaci potpuno integrirani u sustav njihove ustanove. Korelacijska analiza otkrila je snažnu pozitivnu povezanost između duljine radnog staža i učestalosti primjene dodataka (r = 0,87; p < 0,001). Iskusniji djelatnici češće koriste dodatke i bolje ih prepoznaju, dok mlađi djelatnici pokazuju nesigurnost i manjak informacija. Rasprava: Unatoč visokoj profesionalnoj svijesti o važnosti inkluzivnih dodataka, rezultati ukazuju na slabosti u institucionalnoj potpori, edukaciji i organizacijskoj strukturi. Zdravstveni djelatnici izražavaju potrebu za boljim informiranjem, jasnijim smjernicama i većim međusektorskim povezivanjem. Usporedba s praksom u Švedskoj pokazuje da sustavna integracija inkluzivne skrbi daje bolje rezultate kada je poduprta digitalnim alatima, koordinacijom i edukacijom kadra. Rezultati ovog istraživanja potvrđuju nužnost strateškog pristupa u razvoju sustava koji u većoj mjeri prepoznaje i podržava ulogu medicinskih sestara i tehničara u provođenju inkluzivnih mjera.Introduction: Modern health systems increasingly rely on the principles of integrated and inclusive care, with the aim of providing comprehensive and patient-friendly health services. Inclusive supplements such as psychological support, nutritional advice, rehabilitation services and social assistance are becoming key elements of a holistic approach. Nurses and technicians, as key figures in the health care system, play an important role in the implementation of these supplements. The study was conducted to examine their awareness, frequency of use, barriers and perception of the importance of inclusive supplements in the context of integrated care. Research Methods: The research used a quantitative approach through a structured survey questionnaire that was distributed to health workers of different institutions. A total of 102 respondents participated. The questionnaire contained demographic data, attitudes about inclusive supplements, experiences in multidisciplinary teams, and perceptions of the availability and benefits of supplements in daily practice. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and correlationally in order to examine the interdependence between seniority and the application of supplements. Results: The results showed that 41% of respondents were partially familiar with the concept of inclusive supplements, while 28% were not familiar with them at all. Despite the fact that 85% of participants believe that supplements significantly or very significantly improve treatment outcomes, 41% of them do not use them at all. Also, only 5% of respondents believe that supplements are fully integrated into the system of their institution. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between length of service and frequency of use of supplements (r = 0.87; p < 0.001). More experienced employees use supplements more often and recognize them better, while younger employees show uncertainty and lack of information. Discussion: Despite high professional awareness of the importance of inclusive interventions, the results indicate weaknesses in institutional support, education and organizational structure. Health professionals express the need for better information, clearer guidelines and greater intersectoral networking. A comparison with practice in Sweden shows that systematic integration of inclusive care yields better results when supported by digital tools, coordination and staff education. The results of this study confirm the necessity of a strategic approach in developing a system that more fully recognizes and supports the role of nurses and technicians in implementing inclusive measures